Toll-Like Receptors Gene Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Cancer Development

Abstract

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in immune-surveillance and responses towards pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms. They act as innate immune sensors against endogenous and exogenous danger signals by recognizing the pattern recognition molecules (DAMPs and PAMPs) and drive an adaptive immune response through their signaling pathways, which leads to NF-κB and IRF3 transactivation and induces different inflammatory cytokine genes. TLRs polymorphisms were investigated in various cancer types studies. However, precious studies have reported that the Polymorphisms on TLR1-TLR10 cluster have been associated with increased risk of prostate cancer. However, it has known that TLRs genetic variation is associated with increased the susceptibility to gastric cancer. A same synthetically meta-analysis also confirmed the association of TLRs with increased the gastrointestinal cancer but with decreased prostate cancer risk. Our previous studies have demonstrated a strong link between TLRs polymorphisms and colon cancer and breast cancer in Saudi Arabia population. Similar studies were analyzed with Korean patients with papillary thyroid cancer and their clinic-pathologic features in age matched controls by using direct sequencing. The general objective of this chapter was to investigate the role of different TLRs (i.e., TLR2, TLR4, and TLR6) polymorphisms and their association with cancer development.

The Relationship between Torque teno Virus and TLR2 rs5743708 Polymorphism with Breast Cancer

“…3 A study in the south of Iran on 150 patients with colorectal cancer and 150 control people showed a significant relationship between the TLR2 Arg753Gln polymorphism and colorectal cancer [32]. A metaanalysis study revealed that rs5743708 polymorphism was related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and decreased survival of patients with stages III and IV of advanced colon cancer [33]. Therefore, regardless of whether the rs5743708 polymorphism has a positive or negative effect on cancer, most studies have pointed out the influential role of this polymorphism in cancer.…”