Toll-like receptor 2-mediated induction of avian
            <i>β</i>
            -defensin 9 by
            <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i>
            and its cellular components in chicken intestinal epithelial cells

Jia, Y. J; Wei, Si; Hong, Zhimin; Qu, Mei; Zhu, Ni; Liu, Siguo; Li, Guanhong

doi:10.1080/09540105.2019.1593325

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Zhu et al [ 59 ] reported that the release of mBD-14 by mouse osteoblasts was mediated by the activation of p38 MAPK and NF-κB in response to S. aureus -secreted bacterial exoproducts. Jia et al [ 60 ] also confirmed that Lactobacillus rhamnosus MLG A , and its cell wall component, peptidoglycan, induced AvBD9 gene expression in chicken intestinal epithelial cells and that this was mediated by the TLR2-NF-κB/AP-1 signalling pathway, where TLR2-NF-κB constituted the main signalling axis. Results of this study showed that S.c up-regulated NF-κB and MAPKs signalling pathway molecules (NF-κB, p38, JNK and ERK1/2) at the mRNA level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Modulation of ovine SBD-1 expression by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in ovine ruminal epithelial cells

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe ovine rumen is involved in host defense responses and acts as the immune interface with the environment. The ruminal mucosal epithelium plays an important role in innate immunity and secretes antimicrobial innate immune molecules that have bactericidal activity against a variety of pathogens. Defensins are cationic peptides that are produced by the mucosal epithelia and have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Sheep β-defensin-1 (SBD-1) is one of the most important antibacterial peptides in the rumen. The expression of SBD-1 is regulated by the probiotic, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S.c); however, the regulatory mechanism has not yet been elucidated. In the current study, the effects of S.c on the expression and secretion of SBD-1 in ovine ruminal epithelial cells were investigated using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, specific inhibitors were used to block the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), p38, JNK, and ERK1/2 signalling pathways separately or simultaneously, to determine the regulatory mechanism(s) governing S.c-induced SBD-1 upregulation.ResultsIncubation with S.c induced release of SBD-1 by ovine ruminal epithelial cells, with SBD-1 expression peaking after 12 h of incubation. The highest SBD-1 expression levels were achieved after treatment with 5.2 × 107 CFU∙mL− 1 S.c. Treatment with S.c resulted in significantly increased NF-κB, p38, JNK, ERK1/2, TLR2, and MyD88 mRNA expression. Whereas inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and NF-κB gene expression led to a decrease in SBD-1 expression.ConclusionsS.c was induced SBD-1 expression and the S.c-induced up-regulation of SBD-1 expression may be related to TLR2 and MyD88 in ovine ruminal epithelial cells. This is likely simultaneously regulated by the MAPKs and NF-κB pathways with the p38 axis of the MAPKs pathway acting as the primary regulator. Thus, the pathways regulating S.c-induced SBD-1 expression may be related to TLR2-MyD88-NF-κB/MAPKs, with the TLR2-MyD88-p38 component of the TLR2-MyD88-MAPKs signalling acting as the main pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Modulation of ovine SBD-1 expression by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in ovine ruminal epithelial cells

et al. 2018

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“… 45 The role of TLRs and NLRs in mediating the induction of β-defensin expression by peptidoglycan or its fragments has been previously demonstrated. 34 , 46 – 48 In the present study, we showed that peptidoglycan hydrolysates (fragments) also promoted AvBD9 expression in PBMCs albeit at a lesser magnitude than intact peptidoglycan from L. rhamnosus MLAG. However, the inducible expression of AvBD9 by peptidoglycan hydrolysates was diminished in splenocytes as compared to intact peptidoglycan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…In a previous study we demonstrated that intact peptidoglycan from L. rhamnosus MLGA induces AvBD9 gene expression in primary chicken small intestinal epithelial cells in both time- and dose-dependent manners, with the maximal response occurring at 4 h post-stimulation at a concentration of 50 µg/ml. 34 To further examine whether L. rhamnosus MLGA-derived peptidoglycan is capable of stimulating AvBD9 expression in other cell types, especially immune cells, we performed both dose-response and time-course experiments in primary PBMCs, splenocytes, thymocytes, and hepatocytes. An obvious time-dependent increase in AvBD9 expression was elicited in PBMCs in response to treatment of 50 µg/ml peptidoglycan, peaking at 6 h post-stimulation and returning to the basal level after 48 h of incubation ( Figure 1a ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptidoglycan derived from Lactobacillus rhamnosus MLGA up-regulates the expression of chicken β-defensin 9 without triggering an inflammatory response

Juan

et al. 2020

Innate Immun

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Defensins are critical components of the innate immune system and play an important role in the integration of innate and adaptive immune responses. Although information on the immunomodulatory properties of peptidoglycan from bacteria is abundant, little is known about the β-defensin induction effect of peptidoglycan from the probiotic Lactobacillus. This study investigated the effect of intact peptidoglycan from L. rhamnosus MLGA on the induction of avian β-defensin 9 in chicken immune cells and intestinal explants. Peptidoglycan from Lactobacillus rhamnosus MLGA dose dependently promoted avian β-defensin 9 mRNA expression in chicken PBMCs, splenocytes, thymocytes, hepatocytes, and chicken embryo jejunum, ileum, and cecum explants and increased the capacity of PBMC or splenocyte lysates to inhibit the growth of Salmonella Enteritidis. In contrast to the effect of L. rhamnosus MLGA-derived peptidoglycan, peptidoglycan derived from pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus reduced avian β-defensin 9 mRNA expression in chicken PBMCs and splenocytes. The inducible effect of peptidoglycan from L. rhamnosus MLGA on avian β-defensin 9 expression in PBMCs and splenocytes was observed without activation of the expression of associated pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-12p40, whereas these cytokine expressions were suppressed by peptidoglycan hydrolysate obtained by lysozyme digestion. The results of the present study show the capability of peptidoglycan derived from L. rhamnosus MLGA to induce the antimicrobial peptide defensin while simultaneously avoiding the deleterious risks of an inflammatory response.

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“…Probiotic utilized TLR-2 signalling for the release of IL-10 from regulatory T-cells to induce immune tolerance response (Konieczna et al 2012). TLR-2 also played important role in induction of anti-microbial peptides which acted against the invasion of pathogens causing epithelial damage (Jia et al 2019). Moreover, present study also con rmed that probiotic L. rhmanosus maintains immunotolerance through decreasing the expression of TLR-4 even in the presence of E. coli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Probiotic Lactobacillus Rhamnosus (MTCC-5897) Attenuates Escherichia Coli Induced Inflammatory Response in Intestinal Cells

Gupta

Kaur

Kapila

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Probiotics are microbes having tremendous potential to prevent gastrointestinal disorders. In current investigation, immunomodulatory action of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR:MTCC-5897) was studied during exclusion, competition and displacement of Escherichia coli on intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells. The incubation of intestinal cells with E. coli, enhanced downstream signalling and activated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). This significantly increased (p<0.01) the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-8, TNF-α and IFN-ϒ) expression. While, incubation of epithelial cells with L. rhamnosus during exclusion and competition with E. coli, counteracted these enhanced expressions. The immunomodulatory feature of L rhamnosus was also highlighted with increased (p<0.05) transcription of toll like receptor-2 (TLR-2) and single Ig IL-1-related receptor (SIGIRR) along with diminished expression of TLR-4. Likewise, attenuation (p<0.05) of E.coli-mediated enhanced nuclear translocation of NF-κB p-65 subunit by L. rhamnosus during exclusion was confirmed with western blotting. Thus, present finding establishes the prophylactic potential of L. rhamnosus against exclusion of E. coli in intestinal cells.

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Toll-like receptor 2-mediated induction of avian β -defensin 9 by Lactobacillus rhamnosus and its cellular components in chicken intestinal epithelial cells

Cited by 9 publications

References 70 publications

Modulation of ovine SBD-1 expression by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in ovine ruminal epithelial cells

Modulation of ovine SBD-1 expression by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in ovine ruminal epithelial cells

Peptidoglycan derived from Lactobacillus rhamnosus MLGA up-regulates the expression of chicken β-defensin 9 without triggering an inflammatory response

Potential Probiotic Lactobacillus Rhamnosus (MTCC-5897) Attenuates Escherichia Coli Induced Inflammatory Response in Intestinal Cells

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