Tolerance of newly sown cocksfoot-clover pastures to the herbicide imazethapyr

Lewis, Teresa; Lucas, Richard J.; Hofmann, Rainer; Moot, Derrick J.

doi:10.33584/jnzg.2017.79.552

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This study allows enhanced subterranean clover management although quantification of thermal time requirements for specific development stages during the crop life cycle across different sowing dates. Husbandry interventions such as herbicide application, time of grazing and harvesting can be informed by these parameters (Lewis, Lucas, Hofmann, & Moot, 2017; Smetham & Dear, 2003; Smetham & Jack, 1993). The knowledge of cultivar maturity and establishment enable estimations of the chronological time available to defoliate subterranean clover plants after seedlings had accumulated ~434°Cd (Figure 9) from emergence to five trifoliate leaves stage (Moot et al, 2003) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenological development of subterranean clover cultivars under contrasting environments

Teixeira

Hampton

Moot

2021

Annals of Applied Biology

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Six subterranean clover cultivars (representing early and late flowering genotypes from three subspecies) were used to describe and quantify their phenological development. The vegetative (V) and reproductive (R) development phases, in response to different environments created by eight sowing dates were quantified. The period from sowing to emergence was constant in thermal time at 110°Cd and the first trifoliate appeared at ~300°Cd. Crops sown in autumn had the longest period from runner initiation until floral bud initiation (R1), which would allow an extended period of grazing, particularly for later flowering cultivars like ‘Denmark’. To maximise seed set (particularly in year 1) a maximum period between R3 and R11 is required (seed set window). This ranged from 319 ± 42.3°Cd for ‘Leura’ to 661 ± 73.1°Cd for ‘Narrikup’. The complete crop life cycle from sowing (V0) to maturity (R11) ranged from 1269 ± 31°Cd (equivalent of 123 ± 6.3 days) for ‘Antas’ sown in July to 2799 ± 47°Cd (300 ± 3.9 days) for ‘Woogenellup’. When sowing occurred in an increasing photoperiod (June–November) the life cycle of all cultivars was 59% shorter than when sown in a decreasing photoperiod. The numeric scale was able to describe all the variation in the phenological phases and could be used to quantify thermal time requirements for specific phenophases. This would allow subterranean clover management to be optimised (husbandry, grazing and seed harvest) at a local level, and provides the basic parameters for inclusion in annual pasture simulation models.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenological development of subterranean clover cultivars under contrasting environments

Teixeira

Hampton

Moot

2021

Annals of Applied Biology

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“…They mapped how the time of opening rain affected the time to first grazing using a 30-year weather dataset. This can affect the time of herbicide application, which should be based on the number of leaves present (Lewis et al 2017). They also examined the time when flowering can be expected in different parts of the country, being mid-August for late flowering cultivars in the North Island and mid-September to mid-October in the South Island.…”

Section: Subterranean (Sub) Clovermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of legume research and extension in New Zealand (1990–2022)

Moot

2022

Crop & Pasture Science

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Legumes have underpinned transformational change on New Zealand sheep and beef farms over the last 30 years. This was through an emphasis on ewe nutrition based on lucerne or red clover dominant pastures, and increased use of subterranean and white clovers on uncultivatable hill country. Pre- and post-weaning lamb growth rates have increased, and enabled earlier slaughter of heavier lambs. The farm systems results include greater numbers of hoggets mated, higher lambing percentages and greater ewe efficiency (kg lamb weaned/kg ewe mated). Extension packages to support legume use have compared growth rates of resident and legume-based pastures, economic analyses of successful farms and management packages for the most appropriate legume in different environments. Over the same period, the dairy industry rapidly expanded in cow numbers and area onto flat irrigated land on the Canterbury Plains. The nitrogen deficiency of perennial ryegrass was overcome by a linear increase in nitrogen fertiliser use. Environmental concerns from this intensification has led to a legislated nitrogen cap of 190 kg/ha.year. This, coupled with a recent trebling in urea price, has returned attention to increasing the white clover content of these pastures. Nitrogen applications can be minimised by using diverse pastures sown with a legume, herb and <8 kg/ha of perennial ryegrass. Work on other legumes, including annuals and those with condensed tannins, has to date failed to increase their use in most pastoral settings, with the exception of the perennial lupin which is adapted to high-aluminium soils in the South Island High Country.

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“…Weed control is essential for the successful establishment of forage species [16][17][18][19]. Identification of herbicides that can reduce the competition of grass and broadleaf weeds without significantly affecting tedera production was a high priority requirement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbicide Tolerance Options for Weed Control in Lanza® Tedera

Real¹,

Dhammu²,

Moore³

et al. 2022

Agronomy

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Tedera is a drought-tolerant perennial forage legume introduced in Australia in 2006. In October 2018, T15-1218 Lanza®, the world’s first tedera variety, was released by the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development and Meat & Livestock Australia for commercial use. A key agronomic practise for the successful establishment and adoption of tedera is to have a robust herbicide package to control a range of grass and broadleaf weeds well tolerated by tedera. A total of 9 pre-emergent and 44 post-emergent herbicide treatments were evaluated in eight experiments from 2017 to 2021. To control grasses such as annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.), propyzamide and carbetamide can be recommended for pre- or post-emergent applications and butroxydim, clethodim, and haloxyfop for post-emergent applications. The broadleaf pre-emergent herbicides recommended are clopyralid to control emerged capeweed (Arctotheca calendula (L.) Levyns), fomesafen to control pre-emergent wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.), and the double mix of fomesafen + diuron, flumetsulam + diuron, and the triple mix of fomesafen + diuron + flumetsulam to control pre-emergent capeweed, pre- and post-emergent wild radish, and other broadleaf weeds. The most consistently well tolerated post-emergent herbicides by tedera seedlings and adult plants were diflufenican, diuron, flumetsulam, fomesafen, and their two- or three-way mixes that will provide good control of capeweed and wild radish. Desiccants such as paraquat or diquat were also well tolerated by 1-year-old tedera plants that recovered after being desiccated.

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Tolerance of newly sown cocksfoot-clover pastures to the herbicide imazethapyr

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Phenological development of subterranean clover cultivars under contrasting environments

Phenological development of subterranean clover cultivars under contrasting environments

A review of legume research and extension in New Zealand (1990–2022)

Herbicide Tolerance Options for Weed Control in Lanza® Tedera

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