Tolerance of broadleaved tree and shrub seedlings to preemergence herbicides

Willoughby, I.; Dixon, F. L.; Clay, D. V.; Jinks, Richard L.

doi:10.1007/s11056-006-9031-6

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Weeds compete with seedlings for sunlight, water and nutrients necessary for seedling growth and development (Tobisch, 2007). Weed management is very important, particularly after the emergence of seedlings, which are unable to compete with the more vigorous and fast-growing weeds (Willoughby et al, 2007). Prior to acorn sowing, it is very important to prepare the ground, to ensure the most favourable conditions for the development of oak seedlings and saplings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, due to manpower shortage, high labour costs and large areas, forest managers frequently use herbicides to protect oak seedlings and saplings from weed competition. For many forest managers, herbicide application is a popular option and more cost-effective than other available alternative measures (McDonald and Fiddler, 1993;Wagner et al, 2004;Willoughby et al, 2007;Bolte and Lof, 2010). Not all weeds have the same ability to spread owing to differing regeneration strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of post-emergence herbicides in the regeneration of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) forests

2014

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Weeds are an important limiting factor in the development of pedunculate oak seedlings. Weed control is very important on regeneration areas, particularly in the initial stages of young growth development, when the adverse effects of weeds on oak are greatest. Effective weed control should be based on the combination of several different measures. However, because of manpower shortage, high labour costs and large areas, forest managers frequently decide to use herbicides to control weeds. On oak regeneration areas, a major problem is often broadleaved weeds that grow vigorously. Post-emergence herbicides nicosulfuron, bentazon, imazamox and tribenuron-methyl were monitored in broadleaf weed suppression in pedunculate oak stands during the regeneration process. Field studies were performed at two sites during three growing seasons, i.e. herbicide selectivity was examined on 1-, 2-and 3-year-old seedlings. The study results show that the number and fresh and dry weights of weeds were significantly reduced by tested herbicides in treated sample plots when compared with control plots. The herbicides tribenuron-methyl and bentazon had phytotoxic effects on oak seedlings. In contrast, nicosulfuron and imazamox did not show phytotoxic activity against the seedlings and can be applied in weed control in regenerated pedunculate oak forests.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of post-emergence herbicides in the regeneration of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) forests

2014

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“…In the United Kingdom, Willoughby et al (2007) tested several herbicides for control of competing vegetation in tree nurseries and direct-sown woodland. Although they considered R. cathartica a valuable woody species, their results could have value in North America because R. cathartica was heavily damaged by applications of napropamide, an acetamide herbicide that is absorbed by the roots, and pendimethalin, a dinitroaniline herbicide that is absorbed by roots and leaves.…”

Section: Response To Herbicides and Other Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biology of Canadian weeds. 139. Rhamnus cathartica L.

Qaderi

Clements²,

Cavers³

2009

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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European buckthorn, Rhamnus cathartica L., is an introduced shrub or small tree of forests, thickets, open pastures, hedgerows, roadsides, and riparian habitats. In Canada, it is found from Alberta east to the Maritimes, but is absent from Newfoundland. It is particularly abundant in southern Ontario. Problems arise from its status as an alternate host for the fungi Puccinia coronata Corda. f. sp. avenae Eriks., which causes crown rust and leaf rust of oats and for Puccinia coronata var. hordei Jin & Steff., which causes crown rust of barley. It is also the overwintering host for the recently invasive soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, which has been described as a serious threat to soybean production in North America. Prolific fruit production, in combination with extensive seedling establishment and shade tolerance, allows R. cathartica to dominate an understorey quickly. Its ability to tolerate a wide range of conditions, at least in fairly moist areas, may lead to further expansion of its Canadian range. Control strategies should focus on reducing populations in close proximity to oats, soybeans or barley and to reduce its abundance in areas of ecological importance. Key words: Rhamnus cathartica, European buckthorn, Puccinia coronata, soybean aphid, weed biology

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“…With Taxus media, stock treated with 2.2 kg ha -1 exhibited less foliar injury than seedlings treated with 9 kg ha -1 (McNiel et al 1998). Injury to some hardwood species can occur from using the emulsifiable concentration formulation, even at rates as low as 0.6 kg ha -1 (Willoughby et al 2007). Other species are relatively tolerant to pendimethalin, which explains why some managers use it to control weeds in hardwood seedbeds (Harmer 1999, South Site Rate (kg ha -1 ) Density (m -2 ) RCD (mm) Height (cm) Shoot (g) Root (g) RMR Camden (2007 (South 1984).…”

Section: Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within the genus Pinus, some species demonstrate a greater tolerance to herbicides than others (Kosinski andHolt 1985, Wood et al 1993). Likewise, crop tolerance to pendimethalin is also demonstrated by differences in genus (Skroch et al 1991, Haase and Rose 1998, Clay et al 2006, Willoughby et al 2007). For Glycine max, genetic differences can explain the amount of stem injury caused by pendimethalin (Glover and Schapaugh 2002).…”

Section: Genotypementioning

confidence: 99%