Tolerance induced by inhaled antigen involves CD4+ T cells expressing membrane-bound TGF-β and FOXP3

Inhalation Tolerance Is Induced Selectively in Thoracic Lymph Nodes but Executed Pervasively at Distant Mucosal and Nonmucosal Tissues

“…In contrast, we did detect potent suppressive activity in the spleens of mice following tolerance induction. The importance of the spleen in harboring the tolerogenic/suppressive phenotype is consistent with several adoptive transfer experiments demonstrating transferred tolerance with splenocyte-derived populations (13,76,77). Of note, there are studies that have shown tolerance to operate without suppressing proliferation (78); thus, it may be possible that the thoracic LNs do in fact harbor tolerogenic activity, but by a mechanism other than suppression.…”

“…Our initial attempts to follow the CFSE-labeled CD4 ϩ donor transgenic T cell population following OVA aerosolization have been hampered, in part, by the reduced intensity of the CFSE label, TCR down-regulation, and the insufficient number of tolerizing T cells that remain within the memory pool to perform detailed flow cytometric analysis. However, it is promising that in an Ag delivery system identical with ours, Ostroukhova et al (13) have recently identified an important role for the CD4 ϩ CD25 ϩ FOXP3-expressing regulatory T cell subset in mediating immunosuppression; however, the homing receptor profile of this subset was not determined.…”

“…Immune tolerance has been shown to arise via several mechanisms, including the induction of anergy (9 -11), clonal deletion of Ag-specific lymphocytes (12), or active immune regulation mediated by regulatory cells secreting TGF-␤ (13)(14)(15)(16)(17), , or IL-10 (21,22). The dysregulation of these tolerogenic processes plays an important role in the emergence of aberrant immune responses to harmless environmental or self Ags (23,24).…”

CD13+CD4+CD25hiregulatory T cells exhibit higher suppressive function and increase with tumor stage in non-small cell lung cancer patients

“…3B and C), proteins linked with the suppressive function of Treg cells. 4,27,39,40,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48] Downregulation of these molecules following incubation with WM15 may represent an important mechanism mediating the inhibition of suppressive function in CD13-positive Treg cells. between the means of analyzed variables were calculated by Student's t test.…”

The role of dendritic cells and regulatory T cells in the regulation of allergic asthma

“…In addition, adoptive transfer of pulmonary DC from IL-10 +/+ but not IL-10 −/− mice also exposed to respiratory OVA, induced antigen-specific T cell unresponsiveness in recipient mice (Akbari et al, 2001). It is believed that under steady-state conditions, harmless or self antigens are presented to DC resulting in incomplete DC maturation which can further result in an abortive T cell proliferative response or the generation of Treg cells (Akbari et al, 2001;Brimnes et al, 2003;Ostroukhova et al, 2004). Further support of the role of RTDC in regulating atopic asthma, Koya et al (2007) demonstrated that adoptive transfer of IL-10-treated DC could attenuate AHR.…”