Tolerance analysis of aligning an astigmatic laser diode with a single-mode optical fiber

Wang, L.A.; Su, Chia-Yu

doi:10.1109/50.545794

Cited by 29 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…1, whereby it consists of a combination of a ball lens and the conically lensed SMF. The coupling efficiency of the two lens coupling scheme can then be analysed using equations in [5] and [9]: (1) where the symbols h x and h y are the coupling efficiencies in the x and y directions, respectively, and the electric field profiles of the laser diode and single mode fiber can be written as:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Combined Ball Lens and Conically Lensed Fiber Scheme to Improve the Coupling Efficiency and Misalignment Tolerance Between Laser Diodes and Single Mode Fibers

Rahman¹,

Ghafouri‐Shiraz²,

Takahashi³

et al. 2001

Journal of Optical Communications

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Conical microlenses fabricated at the end of single-mode fibers can increase the coupling efficiency between fibers and laser diodes but it has the disadvantage of having stringent sub-micron lateral alignment tolerances. In this paper, we present a theoretical analysis of a coupling scheme, which involves a combination of both ball lens and conically lensed fiber configuration. In the first part of the coupling efficiency and misalignment tolerances analysis, we have ignored the effect of aberration from the ball lens, and also the effect of reflection. We found that by using the proposed scheme, the coupling efficiency improved compared to using a single conically lensed fiber scheme, i. e. from 38.8 % to 89.1 % for a laser diode operating at l = 1.55 µm and from 22.7 % to 87.4 % for a laser diode operating at l = 1.3 µm. However, when lens aberration is taken into account in the analysis, it reduces the coupling efficiency from the ideal case of 89.1 % to 59.5 % for a laser diode operating at l = 1.55 µm and from 87.4 % to 40.4 % for a laser diode operating at l = 1.3 µm. We also found in the analysis that the 1-dB longitudinal and lateral misalignments of the two lens coupling scheme improved compared to the single conically lensed fiber scheme.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Butt coupling a laser diode to a single mode fiber is a simple technique employed but this scheme would generally give low coupling efficiency, typically in the range of 10 % -15 % [1]. The low efficiency is due to the beam profile and phase mismatches of the laser diode and the single mode fiber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Combined Ball Lens and Conically Lensed Fiber Scheme to Improve the Coupling Efficiency and Misalignment Tolerance Between Laser Diodes and Single Mode Fibers

Rahman¹,

Ghafouri‐Shiraz²,

Takahashi³

et al. 2001

Journal of Optical Communications

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“…[7]. They assumed the filed of a fiber is symmetric, and can be described by a Gaussian beam with beam waist radius of ω of .…”

Section: Alignment Model Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic alignment between two optical fiber collimators

Xu¹,

Shen²

2007

3rd International Symposium on Advanced Optical Manufacturing and Testing Technologies: Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technolo

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Optical fiber collimators are widely used in many parts of optical apparatus such as optical isolators, optical switch, etc, and the automatic alignment between two optical fiber collimators becomes an important part of the manufacture. Since the automatic alignment process is the multi-degree-of-freedom motion control, the traditional hill-climbing algorithm takes much time and always fails. Based on the optical field formed by the collimator's end, a fast multiple freedom search algorithm is proposed for automatic alignment between two optical fiber collimators. The blind search method is used in coarse alignment process. In this method, the collimator will move in a symmetrical square spiral trace to catch the first light. In fine alignment, the collimator will move in a circle trace to find such two points in which the optical powers are equal, and then the algorithm will forecast the direction of the power increasing. This search method in fine alignment process can adjust misalignments on multiple axial directions simultaneously. Due to this advantage, this fine alignment process is shortened time with little effects of noises and inter-coupling among axes on alignment automation. Experimental results show that the alignment speed of the proposed search method is better than that of traditional hillclimbing algorithm. The cycle time for six-degree freedom, x, y, z and θ x, θ y, θ z, alignment automation is about 120-140s.

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“…Various methods of analyzing coupling efficiency of optical fiber and LD using Gaussian optics [60][61][62] have been proposed for different situations. Gaussian optics use ABCD law for tracing the laser beam shape at different positions.…”

Section: Analytical Modeling Of Optical Coupling Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The motive for all these studies is to enhance coupling efficiency and misalignment tolerance of packaging laser diode modules. The theoretical positioning of a single-mode fiber in coupling light from circular laser beam [107] and astigmatic laser beam [61] were dealt with. Gaussian optics method is adopted for determination of power loss (with a criterion of 3 dB) with regard to various misalignments for the targeted coupling efficiency.…”

Section: Analytical Modeling Of Optical Coupling Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, characterization and reliability studies of passive aligned optical modules

Priyadarshi.¹

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Tolerance analysis of aligning an astigmatic laser diode with a single-mode optical fiber

Cited by 29 publications

References 13 publications

Analysis of Combined Ball Lens and Conically Lensed Fiber Scheme to Improve the Coupling Efficiency and Misalignment Tolerance Between Laser Diodes and Single Mode Fibers

Analysis of Combined Ball Lens and Conically Lensed Fiber Scheme to Improve the Coupling Efficiency and Misalignment Tolerance Between Laser Diodes and Single Mode Fibers

Automatic alignment between two optical fiber collimators

Design, characterization and reliability studies of passive aligned optical modules

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