Tolerability of prolonged linezolid therapy in bone and joint infection: protective effect of rifampicin on the occurrence of anaemia?

Legout, L.; Valette, M.; Dezèque, Hervé; Nguyen, S.; Lemaire, Xavier; Loïez, Caroline; Caillaux, M.; Beltrand, E.; Dubreuil, L.; Yazdanpanah, Yazdan; Migaud, Henri; Senneville, Éric

doi:10.1093/jac/dkq281

Cited by 57 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This fact could also be attributed to the lower serum concentrations of linezolid when it was combined with rifampin. Indeed, recent data have shown that the coadministration of rifampin was associated with a lower risk of thrombocytopenia (19) and anemia (12), demonstrating a prevalence similar to ours. In contrast, Legout et al (12) reported peripheral neuropathy in 5 out of 43 patients (11.5%) who received linezolid plus rifampin, while no case of peripheral neuropathy was documented in our series.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Indeed, recent data have shown that the coadministration of rifampin was associated with a lower risk of thrombocytopenia (19) and anemia (12), demonstrating a prevalence similar to ours. In contrast, Legout et al (12) reported peripheral neuropathy in 5 out of 43 patients (11.5%) who received linezolid plus rifampin, while no case of peripheral neuropathy was documented in our series. The reason for this discrepancy could be the duration of linezolid treatment, which was 80 days in our cohort and 126 days in the cohort of Legout et al (12).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Linezolid plus Rifampin as a Salvage Therapy in Prosthetic Joint Infections Treated without Removing the Implant

Gómez

Cánovas

Baños

et al. 2011

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The aim of this study is to describe our experience with linezolid plus rifampin as a salvage therapy in prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) when other antibiotic regimens failed or were not tolerated. A total of 161 patients with a documented prosthetic joint infection were diagnosed with a PJI and prospectively followed up from January 2000 to April 2007. Clinical characteristics, inflammatory markers, microbiological and radiological data, and antibiotic treatment were recorded. After a 2-year follow-up, patients were classified as cured when the prosthesis was not removed, symptoms of infection disappeared, and inflammatory parameters were within the normal range. Any other outcome was considered a failure. The mean age of the entire cohort (n ‫؍‬ 161) was 67 years. Ninety-five episodes were on a knee prosthesis (59%), and 66 were on a hip prosthesis (41%). A total of 49 patients received linezolid plus rifampin: 45 due to failure of the previous antibiotic regimen and 4 due to an adverse event associated with the prior antibiotics. In no case was the implant removed. The mean (standard deviation) duration of treatment was 80.2 (29.7) days. The success rate after 24 months of follow-up was 69.4% (34/49 patients). Three patients developed thrombocytopenia and 3 developed anemia; however, it was not necessary to stop linezolid. Linezolid plus rifampin is an alternative salvage therapy when the implant is not removed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Linezolid plus Rifampin as a Salvage Therapy in Prosthetic Joint Infections Treated without Removing the Implant

Gómez

Cánovas

Baños

et al. 2011

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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show abstract

“…The co-administration of rifampicin was associated with a lower risk of thrombocytopenia. Likewise, Legout et al [15] described a lower risk of anemia in patients with bone and joint infections if they received rifampicin and linezolid compared to patients receiving linezolid alone or in combination with other drugs. On the contrary, differences in clinical success rates were not observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Linezolid Serum Concentrations in Three Critically Ill Patients: Clinical Case Studies of a Potential Drug Interaction between Linezolid and Rifampicin

Blassmann¹,

Roehr²,

Frey³

et al. 2016

Pharmacology

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Linezolid is a valuable treatment option for treating infections caused by multi-resistant gram-positive pathogens. Lack of effective linezolid levels due to the co-administration of rifampicin has been described in healthy subjects. However, the clinical significance of this potential drug interaction (DI) for critically ill patients is still unclear. This was a retrospective analysis of 3 critically ill patients with the combination therapy of linezolid and rifampicin or rifampicin pre-treatment. Despite increasing the dose of linezolid, the majority of observed linezolid trough concentrations in all 3 patients were below 2 mg/l. Furthermore, linezolid trough concentrations remained below 2 mg/l after discontinuation of rifampicin. This potential DI between linezolid and rifampicin could lead to treatment failure. Therefore, we strongly recommend that linezolid serum concentrations be monitored in patients with rifampicin co-administration or rifampicin pretreatment.

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“…8 It is subsidised by the Australian PBS for use in combination with another agent (usually rifampicin) for staphylococcal infections. 33,34 Intravenous anti-staphylococcal beta-lactams or glycopeptides are usually used for short periods at the start of treatment prior to a rifampicin-based regimen. 29 Other oral antibiotics that have been used in combination with rifampicin for staphylococcal PJI in smaller numbers of patients with less success or more intolerance are pristinamycin, 30 trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 31 and minocycline.…”

Section: Staphylococcal Pjimentioning

confidence: 99%

Current concepts in the management of prosthetic joint infection

Aboltins

Daffy

Choong

et al. 2014

Internal Medicine Journal

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Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious complication of arthroplasty that is associated with significant mortality, morbidity and costs. PJI is difficult to cure because causative bacteria form and persist in biofilm adherent to the prosthesis surface. PJI can be classified into early, delayed or late according to the time of onset after insertion of the prosthesis, and this classification can help determine pathogenesis and appropriate management. Traditional treatment has been with prolonged intravenous antibiotics and prosthesis exchange, which has been successful in treating infection but is technically difficult and has high rates of associated morbidity. On the basis of in vitro and animal studies, interest has turned to the use of antimicrobials that are particularly active against biofilm-associated bacteria. Recent clinical evidence shows success in more than 77% of early PJI with surgical debridement, retention of prosthesis and the use of rifampicin-based combinations for staphylococcal PJI. Fluoroquinolones are preferred for Gram-negative PJI. Optimal antimicrobial treatment duration and the management of polymicrobial, enterococcal, fungal and culture-negative infections are still yet to be defined but will become more clear as the results of current research comes to hand.

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Tolerability of prolonged linezolid therapy in bone and joint infection: protective effect of rifampicin on the occurrence of anaemia?

Cited by 57 publications

References 48 publications

Linezolid plus Rifampin as a Salvage Therapy in Prosthetic Joint Infections Treated without Removing the Implant

Linezolid plus Rifampin as a Salvage Therapy in Prosthetic Joint Infections Treated without Removing the Implant

Decreased Linezolid Serum Concentrations in Three Critically Ill Patients: Clinical Case Studies of a Potential Drug Interaction between Linezolid and Rifampicin

Current concepts in the management of prosthetic joint infection

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