Toki-shakuyaku-san, a Japanese kampo medicine, reduces colon inflammation in a mouse model of acute colitis

Sreedhar, Remya; Arumugam, Somasundaram; Thandavarayan, Rajarajan Amirthalingam; Giridharan, Vijayasree V.; Karuppagounder, Vengadeshprabhu; Pitchaimani, Vigneshwaran; Afrin, Rejina; Harima, Meilei; Nakamura, Takashi; Ueno, K.; Nakamura, Masahiko; Suzuki, Kenji; Watanabe, Kenichi

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2015.08.029

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…This is consistent with an in vitro study showing that CGN can increase CHOP expression in hepatic HepG2 cells (Jung et al, 2014). Importantly, increased colonic expression of CHOP was described in colitis and can be reversed by dietary compounds (Sreedhar et al, 2015;Li et al, 2016;Bibi et al, 2017). We note here a correlation at 4 wk between the size of fat droplet aggregates of creams and the gene expression of Grp78 and Chop, markers of ER stress; therefore, different lipid residues in the colon according to different cream aggregates could have contributed to modulated ER stress in the colon (Figure 6).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Metabolic effects in mice of cream formulation: Addition of both thickener and emulsifier does not alter lipid metabolism but modulates mucus cells and intestinal endoplasmic reticulum stress

Milard

Laugerette

Bugeat³

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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Additives stabilize or improve the organoleptic or functional properties (or both) of many dairy products including whipping cream. Their influence on the metabolic effect of dairy cream is scarcely known. We tested the hypothesis that added emulsifier (lactic acid esters of mono-and diglycerides; MAG/DAG), thickener (carrageenan, CGN), or both, could modify the metabolic effect, notably in the intestine and liver. Nine-week-old male C57Bl/6J mice were fed UHT cream (indirect treatment) mixed with nonlipidic powder (final: 13% milkfat) for 1 or 4 wk. We compared creams (1) without additive (Ctl), (2) with thickener (Th), 0.02% of κ-CGN, and (3) with both thickener and emulsifier, 0.1% of MAG/DAG esters (Th/Em). We analyzed plasma parameters, intestine, and liver. Fasting glycemia, insulinemia, triglyceridemia, nonesterified fatty acids, body weight gain, and liver weight did not differ among groups. After 1 wk, Th/Em had higher expression in the duodenum of some of the genes involved in (1) intestinal lipid absorption and (2) tight junction proteins versus Ctl and Th. After 4 wk, mucus cell number in the small intestine was higher in Th/Em versus Ctl and Th. Genes involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the duodenum were more expressed in Th/Em after 1 wk. After 4 wk, in the colon, a higher expression of ER stress genes was observed for Th versus Th/Em and Ctl. Liver damage score was not altered by additives. Adding both CGN (0.02%) and MAG/ DAG esters (0.1%) in dairy cream did not result in deleterious outcomes in mice after 4 wk regarding lipid metabolism, intestinal permeability, and liver disorders. The longer term effect of intestinal ER stress modulation deserves further investigation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Metabolic effects in mice of cream formulation: Addition of both thickener and emulsifier does not alter lipid metabolism but modulates mucus cells and intestinal endoplasmic reticulum stress

Milard

Laugerette

Bugeat³

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…19 The clinical usage of TSS is empirical, and the molecular mechanisms underlying the purported efficacy of TSS are limited. Regarding biological effects of TSS, vascular smooth muscle relaxation, 20 inhibition of platelet aggregation 21 and anti-inflammatory effect including induction of regulatory T cell 22,23 have been reported previously. This study is the first to report a potential mechanism to explain a documented improvement in pregnancy maintenance in mice upon dietary exposure to TSS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Tokishakuyakusan, a traditional Japanese medicine (Kampo) mitigates iNKT cell‐mediated pregnancy loss in mice

Nagamatsu

Schust

Tsuchiya

et al. 2018

American J Rep Immunol

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“…OGT and SRT are currently used to treat UC in kampo clinics and have an anti-inflammatory effect in DSSinduced murine colitis [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. First, we determined whether OGT and SRT exert anti-inflammatory effects in DSS-induced murine colitis according to the parameters commonly used for assessing experimental inflammation (Figs 1,2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Little objective evidence supports the prescription of kampo medicines for gastrointestinal inflammation. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of some kampo medicines for gastrointestinal disorders have gradually been identified [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], but kampo medicines for gastrointestinal disorders have many formulations besides those studied clinically. Few studies have examined most of these formulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

¹³C‐butyrate breath test is a novel non‐invasive screening tool for anti‐inflammatory activity of kampo medicines

Endo

Oikawa

Hoshino

et al. 2017

Traditional & Kampo Medicine

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Aim: 13 C-butyrate breath test is a non-invasive method for detecting inflammation in experimental colitis. We investigated whether this test could assess the anti-inflammatory effect of kampo medicines in dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-murine colitis. Methods: 13 CO 2 excretion was measured on 13 C-butyrate breath test, after rectal instillation of butyrate in a DSS colitis model. Colon length, myeloperoxidase activity, and histological damage were also analyzed to evaluate inflammation. Results: 13 CO 2 excretion in the DSS groups was significantly lower than in the normal group. Orengedokuto (OGT) and saireito (SRT) improve inflammation in DSS murine colitis, and this was reflected in the significantly higher 13 CO 2 excretion in the OGT-and SRT-treated DSS murine colitis groups compared with the vehicle (i.e. control) group. Conclusion: 13 C-butyrate breath test is a new non-invasive evaluation and screening method for the anti-inflammatory effect of kampo medicines.

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Toki-shakuyaku-san, a Japanese kampo medicine, reduces colon inflammation in a mouse model of acute colitis

Cited by 17 publications

References 45 publications

Metabolic effects in mice of cream formulation: Addition of both thickener and emulsifier does not alter lipid metabolism but modulates mucus cells and intestinal endoplasmic reticulum stress

Metabolic effects in mice of cream formulation: Addition of both thickener and emulsifier does not alter lipid metabolism but modulates mucus cells and intestinal endoplasmic reticulum stress

Tokishakuyakusan, a traditional Japanese medicine (Kampo) mitigates iNKT cell‐mediated pregnancy loss in mice

¹³C‐butyrate breath test is a novel non‐invasive screening tool for anti‐inflammatory activity of kampo medicines

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Toki-shakuyaku-san, a Japanese kampo medicine, reduces colon inflammation in a mouse model of acute colitis

Cited by 17 publications

References 45 publications

Metabolic effects in mice of cream formulation: Addition of both thickener and emulsifier does not alter lipid metabolism but modulates mucus cells and intestinal endoplasmic reticulum stress

Metabolic effects in mice of cream formulation: Addition of both thickener and emulsifier does not alter lipid metabolism but modulates mucus cells and intestinal endoplasmic reticulum stress

Tokishakuyakusan, a traditional Japanese medicine (Kampo) mitigates iNKT cell‐mediated pregnancy loss in mice

13C‐butyrate breath test is a novel non‐invasive screening tool for anti‐inflammatory activity of kampo medicines

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Product

Resources

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¹³C‐butyrate breath test is a novel non‐invasive screening tool for anti‐inflammatory activity of kampo medicines