Toe web malodorous maceration with well‐demarcated punch‐out edge

Tan, Cheng; Zhang, Lulu; Zhong-sheng, Min

doi:10.1111/iwj.12320

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Diabetes mellitus was mentioned as a concomitant disease in a published case by Tan et al, in a case series of two patients by Kaitlin et al, and in 13% of 15 patients by Eaglestein et al, while no significant incidence of diabetes mellitus in GNBTWI was reported by Lin et al…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Tan et al . report the supportive topical use of herbal decoction ( Rhei radix et rhizome ; Scutellariae radix ; Coptidis rhizome ; Phellodendrichinensis cortex ) daily and describe a marked improvement in 2 weeks (in addition to ciprofloxacin 3 g intravenously every day for 7 days).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diabetes mellitus is associated with a higher bacterial infection rate due to immunomodulatory dysregulation . Even though there are case series and a published case with patients suffering from GNBTWI and diabetes mellitus type 2, it is not possible to draw conclusions from them …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gram‐negative bacterial toe web infection – a systematic review

Weidner

Tittelbach

Illing

et al. 2017

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Gram-negative bacterial toe web infection (GNBTWI) is a frequent therapeutic challenge in clinical practice with high recurrence rates and frequent need of systemic drugs. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an updated overview and evidence-based data on pathogens, risk factors and treatment of GNBTWI along with promoting a consistent international terminology. This systematic review is based on a search in PubMed database for English and German articles published between 1980 and 2016. A total of seven articles were considered appropriate for inclusion in this review regarding to treatment and outcome. Throughout the medical literature, a variety of terms for bacterial toe web infections is used. Only few data on the incidence of GNBTWI were published. GNBTWI has been shown to have a significant male predominance. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most commonly identified organism beside a high mixed infection rate. We identified the following predisposing factors: interdigital tinea, occlusion and humidity, history of selfmedication with antifungals, antibiotics and glucocorticosteroids. As for treatment, debridement of macerated skin lesions and the hyperkeratotic rim showed good response in three published cases. Bacteriological workup of swabs including an antibiogram is recommended for identification of the proper topical and systemic therapy. Autosensitization dermatitis and frequent recurrences are common complications of GNBTWI. Despite the fact, that GNBTWI is an accepted disease entity, scarce data on GNBTWI exist in the medical literature. Randomized controlled trials are missing although needed for evidence-based therapy. To facilitate communication and exchange of updates of GNBTWI, we promote the suggested terminology for bacterial toe web diseases.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gram‐negative bacterial toe web infection – a systematic review

Weidner

Tittelbach

Illing

et al. 2017

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…With progressive disease, patients may develop a well-demarcated punched-out edge with a hyperkeratotic rim [ 9 ]. One case report described a patient who presented with erythematous patches in their toe web spaces, before developing the characteristic maceration [ 10 ]. Patients often exhibit symptoms of pain, burning, pruritus, and edema which can become severe and limit mobility [ 11 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gram-Negative Toe Web Infections

Waterton,

Lipner

2024

Dermatol Pract Concept

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Gram-negative bacterial toe web infection (GNTWI) is a common dermatologic condition affecting the interdigital spaces. The clinical presentation ranges from mild erythema to exudative maceration of the web spaces that may extend to in other areas of the foot and lead to cellulitis in severe cases. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most commonly identified etiologic agent. Occlusive and humid environments, pre-existing dermatologic conditions, and fungal infections increase the risk of developing GNTWI. GNTWI has a broad differential diagnosis including erythrasma, tinea pedis, pitted keratolysis, eczematous dermatitis, and malignancies. Diagnosis is performed using bacterial and fungal cultures. There is a lack of a standardized treatment regimen for GNTWI. While GNTWI is fairly common, it may still be under-recognized by dermatologists due to the limited medical literature. This article presents a review of GNTWI, its clinical features, epidemiologic factors, etiologic agents, predisposing factors, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic options.

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“…Clinical presentations include papulovesicles, pustules, macerations, and malodorous discharge in the interdigital spaces and toe web. 3 A well-demarcated punched-out edge is characteristic of GNBTWI, as shown in Figure 1A,B. 4 For its diagnosis and treatment, microbiological swab and mycological examination should be performed to identify the underlying mycosis, causative organism, and antibiogram.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%