Toe-to-Hand Transfers in Children

Microsurgical reconstruction of congenital upper extremity deformities of malformations

“…Toe-to-hand transfer has been an accepted technique for congenital malformations. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] However, most cases were grafted normal toe. Some children have combined upper and lower extremity deformities.…”

Temporary Arteriovenous Loop Between the Saphenous Vein and the First Plantar Metatarsal Artery in Toe-to-Hand Transfers

“…7 Although not proven in this report, this simplified technique may help limit any detrimental effect that the vascular anatomy might have on the success rate of a toe transfer by essentially bypassing the shorter plantar arterial system in the toes. 10,11 …”

Toe-to-Hand Transfer in Symbrachydactyly

“…4,11 These deficiencies can be congenital or the result of postnatal accidents. Severe mono or adactylic symbrachydactyly is an ideal indication for toe transfer.…”

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Nicoladoni in 1900 transferred a second toe to the thumb position in a five-year-old boy using a two-stage technique. 16 In 1966, Buncke 17 transferred a great toe to a thumb position in a monkey, and in 1969 Cobbett 12 was able to do the same in man.…”

“…18 Since that time, free toe transfer has become a standard technique in the treatment of congenital and acquired deficiencies in adults and children. 11,19 Second toe transfer, or transfers, is the treatment of choice for children with symbrachydactyly who require a mobile digit to establish a prehension pattern not already present. Usually the digit is incorporated into functional patterns.…”