Today and tomorrow: impact of climate change on aphid biology and potential consequences on their mutualism with ants

Blanchard, Solène; Lognay, Georges; Verheggen, François; Detrain, Claire

doi:10.1111/phen.12275

Cited by 26 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Accordingly, many species involved in mutualistic interactions are vulnerable to novel stressors, such as climate change or introduced pathogens, through the impact of those stressors on partner species, in addition to any direct impacts they might experience [4]. For example, ant-aphid mutualisms in which there are indirect, ant-mediated effects of climate on aphid population growth and behavior, can make ant-dependent aphids relatively sensitive to climate change [5]. Other examples of stress exacerbated by mutualism include plant-animal mutualisms in Hawaii, where habitat destruction contributed to the loss of bird species and associated population declines in many bird-pollinated plants [6]; and drought-stressed Ficus species in Borneo that experienced prolonged shifts in their reproductive phenology, leading to local extinction of the wasp that pollinated their figs [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing trends and vulnerabilities in the mutualism between whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) and Clark’s nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana) in national parks of the Sierra-Cascade region

et al. 2020

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Dispersal of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.), a keystone species of many highelevation ecosystems in western North America, depends on Clark's nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana Wilson), a seed-caching bird with an affinity for whitebark seeds. To the extent that this dependence is mutual, declines in whitebark seed production could cause declines in nutcracker abundance. Whitebark pine is in decline across much of its range due to interacting stressors, including the non-native pathogen white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola J. C. Fisch.). We used avian point-count data and tree surveys from four national park units to investigate whether trends in whitebark pine can explain trends in Clark's nutcracker. Spatial trends were modeled using recent data from two parks, while temporal trends were modeled using longer time-series of nutcracker and whitebark data from two additional parks. To assess the potential dependence of nutcrackers on whitebark, we linked a model of nutcracker density (accounting for detection probability) with a model of whitebark trends, using a Bayesian framework to translate uncertainty in whitebark metrics to uncertainty in nutcracker density. In Mount Rainier National Park, temporal models showed dramatic declines in nutcracker density concurrent with significant increases in whitebark crown mortality and trees infected with white pine blister rust.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing trends and vulnerabilities in the mutualism between whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) and Clark’s nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana) in national parks of the Sierra-Cascade region

et al. 2020

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“…Ants protect aphids from predators, and aphids supply ants with honeydew, which is a high (90-95%) carbohydrate, low amino acid excretion derived from host plant phloem sap (Stadler and Dixon 2005). As described in a recent review (Blanchard et al 2019), climate change can alter many aspects of this mutualism: population dynamics, behavioral interactions, honeydew production and chemical communication. These past studies have focused exclusively on the effects of elevated temperatures and carbon dioxide concentrations (Blanchard et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As described in a recent review (Blanchard et al 2019), climate change can alter many aspects of this mutualism: population dynamics, behavioral interactions, honeydew production and chemical communication. These past studies have focused exclusively on the effects of elevated temperatures and carbon dioxide concentrations (Blanchard et al 2019). Snow cover declines could similarly alter the ant-aphid mutualism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early snowmelt reduces aphid abundance (Aphis asclepiadis) by creating water-stressed host plants (Ligusticum porteri) and altering interactions with ants

Mooney

Mullins

Uyl

et al. 2020

Arthropod-Plant Interactions

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Declining snow cover is reshaping ecological communities. Early loss of snow cover initiates changes in key interactions that mediate herbivore abundance, i.e., top-down and bottom-up effects. In this study, we used a field experiment to test the effects of host plant water stress and phenology on the multitrophic interactions that determine aphid abundance. The aphid, Aphis asclepiadis, in our study system colonizes the flowering stalks of the host plant Ligusticum porteri and relies on a protection mutualism with ants. We added snow and water to replicate host plants and tested for a variety of phenological and physiological responses to these treatments. Relative to host plants in ambient conditions, both water and snow addition reduced key signals of water stress (senescence and abscisic acid levels) and increased seed set. While aphid colonies were generally larger with reduced host plant water stress, the ant–aphid mutualism interacted with plant quality in complex ways. Without ant tending, we did not detect differences in aphid colony growth with host plant treatment. When tended by ants, aphid colony growth was greatest on host plants with snow addition. Host plant quality also altered the benefits exchanged in this mutualism. Ant-tended colonies hosted by plants with snow addition produced honeydew enriched in trehalose, which may have decreased both ant and natural enemy abundance. Our results suggest that early loss of snow reduces aphid abundance by creating low-quality, water-stressed host plants, and this effect may be exacerbated by natural enemies and the costs of ant attendance.

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“…Aphids are one of the largest and most important pests in wild and agricultural plant species [18], and their population is expected to increase due to climate change—elevated temperatures accelerate aphid reproduction and increase their fecundity [19,20]. Aphids are specialized insects that feed on the phloem sap of vascular plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticidal Properties of Capsaicinoids and Glucosinolates Extracted from Capsicum chinense and Tropaeolum tuberosum

Cuadrado

Pinillos²,

Tito

et al. 2019

Insects

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Food security and biodiversity conservation are threatened by the emergence and spread of pest and pathogens, and thus there is a current need to develop pest management strategies that are sustainable and friendly to the environment and human health. Here, we performed laboratory and field bioassays to evaluate the insecticidal effects of several concentrations of capsaicinoids and glucosinolates (separately and mixed) on an aphid pest (Aphis cytisorum). The capsaicinoids were extracted from the fruits of Capsicum chinense and glucosinolates from the tubers of native Andean crop Tropaeolum tuberosum. We found that both capsaicinoids and glucosinolates have a biocidal effect on A. cytisorum, acting within a fairly short time. Under laboratory conditions, the toxicity of the compounds increased in relation to their concentrations, causing a high percentage of mortality (83–99%) when the aphids were exposed to dilutions of 10% capsaicinoids, 75–100% glucosinolates, or a mixture of 10% capsaicinoids and 90% glucosinolates. The mortality of aphids sprayed in the field with 5% capsaicinoids, 50% glucosinolates, or with a mixture of 5% capsaicinoids and 45% glucosinolates reached 87–97%. Results obtained from laboratory and field experiments were consistent. Our results suggest the potential use of bioinsecticides based on capsaicinoids and/or glucosinolates as an effective alternative to synthetic pesticides.

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Today and tomorrow: impact of climate change on aphid biology and potential consequences on their mutualism with ants

Cited by 26 publications

References 103 publications

Assessing trends and vulnerabilities in the mutualism between whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) and Clark’s nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana) in national parks of the Sierra-Cascade region

Assessing trends and vulnerabilities in the mutualism between whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) and Clark’s nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana) in national parks of the Sierra-Cascade region

Early snowmelt reduces aphid abundance (Aphis asclepiadis) by creating water-stressed host plants (Ligusticum porteri) and altering interactions with ants

Insecticidal Properties of Capsaicinoids and Glucosinolates Extracted from Capsicum chinense and Tropaeolum tuberosum

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