“…The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has also led to an unprecedented scientific response encompassing essential research on diagnostic methods and studies of COVID-19 immunology, viral pathogenicity, and potential therapeutic targets [ 17 , 18 ]. Various pharmaceuticals (e.g., arbidol hydroxychloroquine, darunavir, lopinavir, favipiravir, remdesivir, ribavirin, ritonavir, interferons, dexamethasone, and tocilizumab) have been repurposed for COVID-19 treatment, with mixed effectiveness results [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. The use of convalescent plasma was eventually abandoned due to the lack of clinical benefits observed in severely ill patients [ 23 , 24 ], while the effectiveness of different monoclonal antibodies has been dramatically impacted by SARS-CoV-2’s evolution [ 25 , 26 ].…”