Tobacco mosaic virus Is Transmissible from Tomato to Tomato by Pollinating Bumblebees

Okada, Kiyotsugu; Kusakari, Shin-ichi; Kawaratani, Mitsuo; Negoro, Junichi; Ohki, Satoshi T.; Osaki, Takeshi

doi:10.1007/pl00012924

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Bumble‐bees are widely used to pollinate tomato and other crops in greenhouses. The ability of bumble‐bees to transmit viruses while pollinating has already been demonstrated for Tobacco mosaic virus and Tomato apical stunt viroid in tomato (Okada et al , 2000; Antignus et al , 2007). This study quantifies for the first time the ability of bumble‐bees to acquire and transmit PepMV in greenhouse tomato crops.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vectoring of Pepino mosaic virus by bumble‐bees in tomato greenhouses

Shipp

Buitenhuis

Stobbs

et al. 2008

Annals of Applied Biology

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Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) has become an important viral disease of greenhouse tomatoes worldwide. The ability of bumble-bees (Bombus impatiens), used for pollination, to acquire and transmit PepMV was investigated, and the prevalence of PepMV in plants and bumble-bees in commercial tomato greenhouses was determined. PepMV infection in plants was determined using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay, while in bumble-bees direct real-time PCR was used. In the first experiment, the bumble-bees were exposed for 14 days to PepMV-infected plants. After 14 days, almost all bumble-bees were PepMV positive both in the hive (78.5 AE 17.5%) and in the flowers (96.3 AE 3.6%). In the second experiment, bumble-bees were released into a greenhouse with both PepMV-infected source plants and healthy non-infected target plants for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, 61.0 AE 19.5% of the bees collected from the hive and 83.3 AE 16.7% of the bees sampled from the flowers were PepMV positive. Bumble-bees transmitted PepMV from the infected to the healthy noninfected tomato plants. Two weeks after bumble-bee release, the virus was detected in leaf, fruit and flower samples of formerly healthy plants. After 6 weeks, the percentage of PepMV positive samples from the target plants increased to 52.8 AE 2.8% of the leaves and 80.6 AE 8.4% of the fruits. In the control greenhouse without bumble-bees, the target plants did not become infected. Based on the infection levels in flowers, fruits and leaves, the PepMV infection occurred possibly first in the pollinated flowers, and then spread from the fruit that developed from the flowers to other parts of the plant. In commercial greenhouses where PepMV was present, 92-100% of the plants and 88-100% of the bumble-bees were PepMV positive. No infected plant samples were found in the control commercial greenhouse, but a small number of bumble-bees (10%) tested PepMV positive.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vectoring of Pepino mosaic virus by bumble‐bees in tomato greenhouses

Shipp

Buitenhuis

Stobbs

et al. 2008

Annals of Applied Biology

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“…"DNA data from Canary islands calls for protection against importation of B. terrestris of foreign origin for pollination" (Estoup et al, 1996). Invasion and spread of parasites and pathogens Parasitic protozoans and endoparasitic mites were already found in B. terrestris introduced colonies (Goka, 1998(Goka, , 2010Goka et al, 2000Goka et al, , 2001Goka et al, , 2006Okada et al, 2000;Schmid-Hempel et al, 2007;. Recent epizootic of protozoa (Nosema spp.)…”

Section: What To Do?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bombus terrestris, pollinator, invasive and pest: An assessment of problems associated with its widespread introductions for commercial purposes

Dafni¹,

Kevan

Gross

et al. 2010

Appl. Entomol. Zool.

108

116

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“…Similarly, TMV has also been shown to be transmitted from infected tomato plants to uninfected plants grown adjacent to each other in a greenhouse by foraging bumblebees. This indicates that a primary inoculum is already present in the greenhouse in order to effectively achieve TMV transmission (Okada et al , ). Bee movement between greenhouses and the field commonly occurs, and susceptible weed species both in and around greenhouses could become reservoirs of virus inoculum (Stobbs & Greig, ).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Tobrfv Disease: Production System and Locatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Tomato brown rugose fruit disease: current distribution, knowledge and future prospects

et al. 2019

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Tomato is the most economically important fruit/vegetable crop grown worldwide. However, viral diseases remain an important factor limiting its productivity, with estimated quantitative and qualitative yield losses in tomato crops often reaching up to 100%. Many viruses infecting tomato have been reported, while new viral diseases have also emerged. The climatic changes the world is experiencing can be a contributing factor to the successful spread of newly emerging viruses, as well as the establishment of disease in areas that were previously either unfavourable or where the disease was absent. Because antiviral products are not available, strategies to mitigate viral diseases rely on genetic resistance/tolerance to infection, control of vectors, improvement in crop hygiene, roguing of infected plants and seed certification. Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) is an emerging viral threat to tomato productivity and is currently spreading into new areas, which is of great concern to the growing global production in the absence of mitigation measures. This review presents the current knowledge about ToBRFV and future prospects for an improved understanding of the virus, which will be needed to support effective control and mitigation of the impact it is likely to cause.

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Tobacco mosaic virus Is Transmissible from Tomato to Tomato by Pollinating Bumblebees

Cited by 28 publications

References 8 publications

Vectoring of Pepino mosaic virus by bumble‐bees in tomato greenhouses

Vectoring of Pepino mosaic virus by bumble‐bees in tomato greenhouses

Bombus terrestris, pollinator, invasive and pest: An assessment of problems associated with its widespread introductions for commercial purposes

Tomato brown rugose fruit disease: current distribution, knowledge and future prospects

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