Tobacco-induced alterations in exfoliated oral epithelial cells: A comparative image analysis study

Godavarthy, Divyasri; Naik, Rashmi; Mujib, B R Ahmed; Gali, Praveen Kumar; Smitha, V; Nair, Mukund

doi:10.4103/jdrntruhs.jdrntruhs_10_18

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…However, as most of the research conducted focused on patients with oral lesions or with long-term exposure to genotoxic agents, the novelty of our study is represented by the investigation regarding the presence of MN in clinically normal oral mucosa and in a young age group with relative short exposure to carcinogens. In apparently healthy smokers, several studies have reported morphological alterations such as high rate of epithelial cell proliferation, the presence of MN, increasing number of keratinized cells and an altered ratio between nuclear and cytoplasmic volumes [34,35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an effort to exclude the bias caused by a normal aspect of only occasionally exposed to carcinogens tissues, we selected participants with consistent, continuous and recent smoking or e-cigarette use, because in the absence of a persistent exposure only one sample may fail in detecting temporary cellular abnormalities [45]. Oral epithelial cells have a relatively decreased turnover [34]. However, in our study we also found an increased turnover, which may indicate the toxicity of several compounds released from tobacco.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Alterations in Smokers and E-Cigarette Users Based on Micronuclei Count: A Cross-Sectional Study among Dental Students

Pop

Coroș

Stoica

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The presence of micronuclei in oral epithelial cells is considered a marker of genotoxicity, which can be identified using exfoliative cytology. The aim of this study was to investigate cytotoxic damage through the evaluation of micronuclei in the oral mucosa of smokers and e-cigarette users compared to nonsmokers. We obtained smears from the buccal mucosa of 68 participants divided in 3 groups (smokers, e-cigarette users and nonsmokers), which were further processed with Papanicolaou stain. The frequencies of micronuclei and micronucleated cells were recorded and statistically analyzed at a level of significance of p < 0.05. The mean micronuclei values per 1000 cells were 3.6 ± 1.08 for smokers, 3.21 ± 1.12 for e-cigarette users and 1.95 ± 1.05 for nonsmokers. The mean values of micronucleated cells per 1000 cells were 2.48 ± 0.91 for smokers, 2.39 ± 1.07 for e-cigarette users and 1.4 ± 0.68 for nonsmokers. Smokers and e-cigarette users had significantly higher values of micronuclei and micronucleated cells compared to nonsmokers, but there were no significant differences between smokers and e-cigarette users. We concluded that the micronuclei count can be used as an early indicator for alterations of oral mucosa and exfoliative cytology represents an accessible tool which could be applied for mass screening.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Alterations in Smokers and E-Cigarette Users Based on Micronuclei Count: A Cross-Sectional Study among Dental Students

Pop

Coroș

Stoica

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…So, subjects with alcohol habit were excluded from this study. The cellular changes have been observed in oral epithelial cells of tobacco users as early malignant changes [31,32]. The epithelium from both tobacco smoking and chewing individuals showed an increase in cell proliferation as compared to the nonuser of tobacco [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of tobacco in human oral leukoplakia: a cytomorphometric analysis

Patel¹,

Shah

Patel

et al. 2020

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

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Objectives. Tobacco use is one of the most critical risk factors for different oral diseases. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the effect of tobacco on oral mucosa by cytomorphometric analysis of cells with the help of exfoliative cytology and to find out the improvement in diagnostic sensitivity of exfoliative cytology in the detection of dysplastic changes and early oral malignancy. Methods. The nuclear area (NA) and cytoplasmic area (CA) of cells were measured within cytological smear obtained from leukoplakia lesions of buccal mucosa of 90 tobacco users, 30 smokers (TS), 30 chewers (TC) and 30 with combined habit of smoking and chewing (TSC)] and from normal buccal mucosa of 30 non users (NU) of tobacco. Each habit group consisted of 30 tobacco users with oral leukoplakia lesion with mild epithelial dysplasia only. The 30 non-users of tobacco served as controls. The mean values of the CA and NA were obtained for each case, and the nuclear/cytoplasmic area (NA/CA) ratio was calculated. Results. The results showed a statistically significant increase (P<0.001) in mean NA and a statistically significant decrease (P<0.001) in mean CA values of tobacco users with leukoplakia as compared to non-users, hence NA/CA ratio value was significantly higher in tobacco users with the lesion. Conclusion. The changes in cellular morphology caused by tobacco use can be visualized by use of exfoliative cytology with the help of cytomorphometric analysis. The evaluation of parameters (NA, CA and NA/CA ratio) may increase the sensitivity of exfoliative cytology for the early diagnosis of oral premalignant and malignant lesions.

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“…2g ). This well-designed pore structure provides BC- g -PNCl dense layer with excellent resistance to the invasions of soft tissue cells (generally >10 μm in diameter 31 ) and even bacteria (mostly >0.2 µm in diameter 32 , e.g., 0.5–1.0 µm for Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) in diameter 33 ) without impairing the exchange of oxygen and nutrient. Furthermore, substrate surfaces with much smaller pores than microbial cells can reduce the contact area between bacteria and substrate surfaces, induce bacteria-surface mutual repulsion, and then weaken biofilm formation 34 – 36 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-in-one porous membrane enables full protection in guided bone regeneration

Wu,

Luo,

Cen

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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The sophisticated hierarchical structure that precisely combines contradictory mechanical and biological characteristics is ideal for biomaterials, but it is challenging to achieve. Herein, we engineer a spatiotemporally hierarchical guided bone regeneration (GBR) membrane by rational bilayer integration of densely porous N-halamine functionalized bacterial cellulose nanonetwork facing the gingiva and loosely porous chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite micronetwork facing the alveolar bone. Our GBR membrane asymmetrically combine stiffness and flexibility, ingrowth barrier and ingrowth guiding, as well as anti-bacteria and cell-activation. The dense layer has a mechanically matched space maintenance capacity toward gingiva, continuously blocks fibroblasts, and prevents bacterial invasion with multiple mechanisms including release-killing, contact-killing, anti-adhesion, and nanopore-blocking; the loose layer is ultra-soft to conformally cover bone surfaces and defect cavity edges, enables ingrowth of osteogenesis-associated cells, and creates a favorable osteogenic microenvironment. As a result, our all-in-one porous membrane possesses full protective abilities in GBR.

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Tobacco-induced alterations in exfoliated oral epithelial cells: A comparative image analysis study

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Early Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Alterations in Smokers and E-Cigarette Users Based on Micronuclei Count: A Cross-Sectional Study among Dental Students

Early Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Alterations in Smokers and E-Cigarette Users Based on Micronuclei Count: A Cross-Sectional Study among Dental Students

Effect of tobacco in human oral leukoplakia: a cytomorphometric analysis

All-in-one porous membrane enables full protection in guided bone regeneration

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