Tobacco control policy and socio-economic inequalities in smoking in 27 European countries

Bosdriesz, Jizzo R.; Willemsen, Marc C.; Stronks, Karien; Kunst, Anton E.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.05.020

Cited by 35 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Low SES groups are more vulnerable to the tobacco epidemic even in high income countries (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). The common reported reasons are high stress, low literacy and poor social capital among these individuals (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12).…”

Section: What Is Already Known On This Topicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The common reported reasons are high stress, low literacy and poor social capital among these individuals (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). In Pakistan, the main contributing factor for high prevalence in low income groups might be the design of pro-poor tobacco pricing policies.…”

Section: What Is Already Known On This Topicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…People from low socioeconomic groups and those who are less educated are the most vulnerable to taking up cigarette smoking (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). In some countries, the working classes and youth are the main targets of tobacco industry (13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tobacco industry internal documents show how opportunity to attract these potential users with targeted marketing are exploited (13). Multiple observational studies have shown that the rate of tobacco cessation is also not uniform within countries, more deprived socioeconomic groups show almost half the rate of decline as compared with the less deprived groups (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). This underscores that tobacco control efforts need to be targeted to these most vulnerable groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inequalities in smoking prevalence: a missed opportunity for tobacco control in Pakistan

Masud

Oyebode

2017

Journal of Public Health

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Section: What Is Already Known On This Topicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: What Is Already Known On This Topicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Inequalities in smoking prevalence: a missed opportunity for tobacco control in Pakistan

Masud

Oyebode

2017

Journal of Public Health

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“…There have been only two cross-national studies in the last decade examining the effect of the strength of tobacco control policies on quit ratios and tobacco consumption across socioeconomic groups, as measured by education and or occupational status 11 17. Bosdriesz et al 17 found that there was a weaker association between country-level tobacco control policies and smoking cessation, as well as tobacco consumption among the economically inactive compared with those in manual occupations. Meanwhile, Schaap et al 11 showed that the association between quit ratios and national tobacco regulatory environment did not differ between high and low educational groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between tobacco control policies and current smoking across different occupational groups in the EU between 2009 and 2017

Best

Currie

et al. 2019

J Epidemiol Community Health

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BackgroundThis study investigated the cross-national and longitudinal associations between national tobacco control policies and current smoking in 28 European Union (EU) member states between 2009 and 2017. It also examined the interaction between tobacco control policies and occupational status.MethodsWe used data from four waves of Eurobarometer (2009, 2012, 2014 and 2017). The total sample size was 105 231 individuals aged ≥15 years. Tobacco Control Scale (TCS) scores (range 0 to 100) for years 2005, 2007, 2012 and 2014 measured the strength of country-level tobacco control policies. Logistic multilevel regression analyses with three levels (the individual, the country-year and the country) were performed with current smoker as the dependent variable.ResultsAcross the EU, average smoking prevalence fell from 29.4% (95% CI 28.5% to 30.2%) in 2009 to 26.3% (95% CI 25.4% to 27.1%) in 2017. We confirmed that cross-nationally, strong national tobacco control policies are significantly associated with a low probability of smoking. A one-point increase in TCS score was associated with lower odds of smoking (OR=0.990; 95% CI 0.983 to 0.998), but longitudinally (within-country) increases in TCS were not associated with current smoking (OR=0.999; 95% CI 0.994 to 1.005). Compared with those in manual occupations, the cross-national association was stronger in the upper occupational group (conditional OR for the interaction=0.985; 95% CI 0.978 to 0.992) and weaker in the economically inactive group (conditional OR for the interaction=1.009; 95% CI 1.005 to 1.013).ConclusionDifferences in tobacco control policies between countries were associated with the probability of smoking but the changes in TCS within countries over time were not. Differences between countries in tobacco control policies were found to be most strongly associated with the likelihood of smoking in the highest occupational groups and were found to have only a weak association with smoking among the economically inactive in this sample.

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Thirty-eight-year trends of educational differences in smoking in Finland

Ruokolainen

Heloma

Jousilahti

et al. 2019

Int J Public Health

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Objectives Smoking is declining, but it is unevenly distributed among population groups. Our aim was to examine the socio-economic differences in smoking during 1978–2016 in Finland, a country with a history of strict tobacco control policy. Methods Annual population-based random sample data of 25–64-year-olds from 1978 to 2016 ( N = 104,315) were used. Response rate varied between 84 and 40%. In addition to logistic regression analysis, absolute and relative educational differences in smoking were examined. Results Smoking was more prevalent among the less educated but declined in all educational groups during the study period. Both absolute and relative differences in smoking between the less and highly educated were larger at the end of the study period than at the beginning. Cigarette price seemed to have a larger effect on the smoking among the less educated. Conclusions Socio-economic differences in smoking among the Finnish adult population have increased since the 1970s until 2016. Further actions are needed, especially focusing on lower socio-economic positions, to tackle inequalities in health. They should include support for smoking cessation and larger cigarette tax increases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00038-019-01228-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Tobacco control policy and socio-economic inequalities in smoking in 27 European countries

Cited by 35 publications

References 22 publications

Inequalities in smoking prevalence: a missed opportunity for tobacco control in Pakistan

Inequalities in smoking prevalence: a missed opportunity for tobacco control in Pakistan

Association between tobacco control policies and current smoking across different occupational groups in the EU between 2009 and 2017

Thirty-eight-year trends of educational differences in smoking in Finland

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