Tobacco Consumption and Oral, Pharyngeal and Lung Cancers

Abstract

Tobacco consumption remains a significant threat to public health around the world and smoking-related diseases are considered the world's most preventable cause of death. Smoking is associated to several diseases and conditions, most importantly different types of cancer. At least 30% of all cancer death is related to smoking including 87% and 70% of lung cancer deaths in men and women, respectively. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths compared to cancer of other organs in both men and women. Also, tobacco is a known risk factor of oral and pharyngeal malignancies. Although oral cancer accounts for 1%-2% of all cancers in the body, it carries a relatively high rate of mortality. It has been shown that the risk of oral cancer is reduced by smoking cessation. Also, mortality and morbidity of oral cancer could be effectively reduced by elimination of this risk factor. In this article, we review the current literature on the relationship of tobacco with oral, pharyngeal and lung cancers. We present the epidemiologic and experimental evidence supporting the link between tobacco use and the induction and development of cancer. The association between genetic susceptibility and tobacco carcinogens is discussed. supported by genome-wide association studies. Public health preventive measures and tobacco control means are emphasized as well.

Cancer Attributable to Tobacco Smoking in Member Countries of Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in Year 2018

“…It is clear that cancer is an urgent global challenge that need prevention, early detection and diagnosis, treatment, and care services. Meanwhile tobacco consumption also remains a significant threat to public health and associated with different types of cancer (Bassiony et al, 2015;Islami et al, 2015). This study found that tobacco smoking was responsible for 121,849 new cancer cases in 2018 (106,858 male and 14,991 female cases) in ASEAN 2018.…”

“…Smoking increases the risk of malignant tumors in nearly all organs with at least 30% of all cancer deaths smoking is attributed to smoking (Bassiony et al, 2015). Once tobacco has damaged cells, they can grow uncontrollably as cancer.…”

A review on tobacco and its effect on health

“…As some of the chemicals of tobacco are carcinogenic, the consumption of tobacco has been associated with many forms of cancer. 33,[43][44][45][46][47] In fact, almost all known cancers can be correlated to tobacco consumption. However, the most direct involvement of cancer can be seen in cancer of the mouth, lungs, esophagus, stomach, liver, pharynx, colon, etc.…”

Tumour preventive potential of sclareol on 7, 12 dimethylbenz [a] anthracene (DMBA) induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis

“…It creates the highest rate of mortality and morbidity in India, where this carcinoma form records for 40% of all malignant tumors (Bagan et al, 2010). Any form of tobacco with alcohol intake is known as the major risk factor for the higher incidence of oral cancer in India (Bassiony et al, 2015). DMBA induced an experimental animal model for evaluating the chemoprevention study of oral cancer (Manoharan et al, 2015).…”