To what extent are pollutant emission intensified by international tourist arrivals? Starling evidence from G7 Countries

Abstract

A large volume of environmental science and pollution research has focused on the contributions of various forms of energy consumption to emissions. However, little attention is given to the impact of human activities such as tourism. Hence, this study investigates the impact of tourist arrivals, energy use, and economic growth on CO2 emissions in the G7 countries for the period 1995–2018. The study employed the use of dynamic panel estimations, namely dynamic ordinary least square, fully modified ordinary least squares and panel pooled mean group-autoregressive distributed lag model (PMG-ARDL) estimation techniques to establish long-run and short-run relationships between the study variable of interest, while the Dumitrescu Hurlin non-causality test was used to test for causality direction among the variables outlined. Empirical findings from the regression revealed that economic growth, tourism and energy use are strong drivers of emission levels in the G7 bloc, while the causality analysis revealed that there is unidirectional causality from CO2 to energy use, CO2 to economic growth (GDP) and GDP to tourist arrivals. These outcomes imply that tourism, energy use and economic growth have no direct effect on emissions, but rather emissions predict economic growth and energy use. Furthermore, tourist arrivals predict energy use; economic growth predicts tourism. Overall based on the study of empirical outcomes, we suggest that to achieve more significant results in reducing emissions, governments of the G7 countries should continue to emphasize green tourism as well as increase the share of renewable energy in their regional energy mix. More policy direction was outlined in the concluding section of this study.

Exploring the Nexus of Renewable Energy, Ecological Footprint, and Economic Growth through Globalization and Human Capital in G7 Economics

“…Be as it is, actions and policies have been implemented to ensure environmental sustainability and economic prosperity. Nonetheless, the results are not robust, and studies produce contradictory conclusions affecting environmental policy, necessitating further studies [7,8]. Therefore, a comprehensive empirical investigation of the G7 scenario is crucial since many G7 nations have demonstrated dedication and long-term sustainability goals.…”

Sustainable development goals perspective: nexus between Christians’ religious tourism, geopolitical risk, and CO2 pollution in Italy

“…On data from 1995 to 2018, Gyamfi et al ( 2022 ) analyzed the effects of tourist arrivals–energy use–economic growth–CO 2 pollution in the G7 countries. The study determined long- and short-run relationships among constructs.…”

Climate Change Mitigation Performance in the EU Tourism Destination Sector

“…The main contributors to GHG emissions in the tourism industry are transport (Gyamfi et al, 2020), accommodation (Scot et al, 2010;Silva, 2022), as well as food services, including the production and consumption of edible products (Odimegwu & Francis, 2018). Besides, air travel, followed by car During the last decade of relevant research, macroprudential measures have been applied in selected countries by testing their efficiency in tourism and reducing the revenue gap in the tourism sector during the pandemic crisis.…”