To vaccinate or not: The relationship between conscientiousness and individual attitudes toward vaccination in real‐life contexts

Abstract

Despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine being well‐recognized as a critical tool to end the COVID‐19 pandemic, many individuals remain vaccine hesitant for various reasons. In the literature, one well‐established finding is that skeptical attitudes towards vaccination are higher amongst individuals low in conscientiousness. However, no research is available to corroborate whether the relationship between conscientiousness and intention to vaccinate has force in real life. The present research investigated whether, in addition to self‐reported conscientiousness, objectively observable index of conscientiousness behaviors is related to individual perception of vaccination. Based on self‐reported data, Study 1 fully replicated prior findings that higher levels of conscientiousness are associated with more positive attitudes towards vaccination in a Chinese student sample. Using the time of arrival for an appointment as a proxy measure for conscientiousness behaviors, Study 2 revealed that non‐student adults who arrived early to appointments showed stronger COVID‐vaccine uptake intentions than those who arrived late to appointments. Moving beyond vaccination intention to actual behavior, Study 3 found that the arrival punctuality rates of vaccinated participants were higher than those of unvaccinated participants. Overall, our research highlights the important role of conscientiousness‐related traits in individuals' COVID‐19 vaccination attitudes and behavior.

To vaccinate or not to vaccinate? The role of personality

“…The higher scores of Vaxxers on Honesty/Humility and Conscientiousness align with recent findings on the topic (e.g., Li, 2022 ). They reflect the inclination of this group to be more aware of and to readily adhere to social norms and expectations, potentially combined with a heightened sense of responsibility towards the community.…”

Big Five Personality Traits and Willingness to Get Vaccinated Against COVID-19

“…Conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness showed positive links in some studies but virtually no associations in others (Gonçalves et al, 2022;Graeber et al, 2021;Mo et al, 2021). For instance, Li (2022) observed a positive relationship between conscientiousness and the willingness to get vaccinated against COVID-19, whereas other studies observed no significant correlation between these factors (Gonçalves et al, 2022;Graeber et al, 2021). For neuroticism, studies suggest no significant relationship with the willingness to get vaccinated against COVID-19 (Gonçalves et al, 2022, Howard, 2022.…”

Hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccination: The role of personality traits, anti-vaccine attitudes and illness perception

“…The unsteady nature of the number of doses and COVID-19 vaccine efficacy as compared to other vaccines may inform conscientious people in their attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccines. Other studies have expressed mixed findings regarding the role personality plays in vaccine hesitancy [33,34] indicating that there are inconsistent findings regarding personality and vaccine acceptance.…”