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The sketch text is presented, it has provided its author the 1st degree diploma at the competition “Best art and historical sketch about the history of Russian pediatrics” in the nomination “History of pediatric service development in the region”. This sketch describes the historical period of the Artek establishment as a children’s camp in the first half of 1920s. The facts of not well-known story are presented, it was not so widely covered in publications, but the actions and decisions of subjected people made significant contribution to their job, to the success in which they believed, and to the development of self-awareness of those who lived in this period. People’s Commissariat of Public Health Nikolay Alexandrovich Semashko and first chief physician of Artek Feodor Feodorovich Shishmarev had significant impact on development of children healthcare and the strengthening of medical personnel during the most difficult years of “Red Terror” in Crimea.
The sketch text is presented, it has provided its author the 1st degree diploma at the competition “Best art and historical sketch about the history of Russian pediatrics” in the nomination “History of pediatric service development in the region”. This sketch describes the historical period of the Artek establishment as a children’s camp in the first half of 1920s. The facts of not well-known story are presented, it was not so widely covered in publications, but the actions and decisions of subjected people made significant contribution to their job, to the success in which they believed, and to the development of self-awareness of those who lived in this period. People’s Commissariat of Public Health Nikolay Alexandrovich Semashko and first chief physician of Artek Feodor Feodorovich Shishmarev had significant impact on development of children healthcare and the strengthening of medical personnel during the most difficult years of “Red Terror” in Crimea.
Пермский государственный медицинский университет имени академика Е. А. Вагнера, Пермь, Россия АННОТАЦИя Актуальность исследования обусловлена ростом позитивного интереса к модели Семашко в современной России со стороны медицинской и исторической частей научного сообщества, специалистов-медиков, населения России и государства. В работе использованы нормативно-правовые акты, суждения первых лиц государства, официальная статистика. Низвержение модели Семашко в ранней постсоветской России было обосновано либерально-рыночным подходом и эпидемиологическим транзитом. Однако появившийся общественный запрос на социально ориентированные модели, новая эпидемиологическая волна, а также перманентный дефицит финансов и кадров вынудили государство вновь обратиться к опыту модели Семашко. Новая эпидемиологическая волна поставила вопрос о возврате к централизации управления и финансирования и о реоптимизации ресурсов эпидемиологического профиля. В области управления официальные власти предложили ограничиться централизацией санитарно-эпидемиологической службы, в области финансирования -централизацией средств ОМС в бюджете ФОМС. Что касается эпидемиологической базы, то планируется ее расширение через строительство новых больниц, увеличение штата эпидемиологов и врачей-инфекционистов. Ключевые слова: социальная политика государства; модель Семашко; советская система здравоохранения; первичное звено; профилактика; оптимизация; ординатура; сельская медицина; отраслевая оплата труда; централизация управления
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