To Tell or not to Tell? Parents’ Reluctance to Talking About Conceiving Their Children Using Medically Assisted Reproduction

Faccio, Elena; Iudici, Antonio; Cipolletta, Sabrina

doi:10.1007/s12119-019-09586-7

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Similar to disclosure in lesbian and single parent families (Tallandini et al, 2016;Faccio et al, 2019), disclosure of a child's surrogacy origins in gay two-father families is thought to be relatively straightforward and to occur earlier than in heterosexual two-parent families, likely due to the visible absence of a mother and the child being raised by two fathers. However, to date, to the best of our knowledge, only two studies have investigated the manner in which disclosure of surrogacy conception occurs in this family type (Blake et al, 2016;Carone et al, 2018a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children’s Exploration of Their Surrogacy Origins in Gay Two-Father Families: Longitudinal Associations With Child Attachment Security and Parental Scaffolding During Discussions About Conception

et al. 2020

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Evidence is lacking about the factors that are pivotal in enhancing the exploration of surrogacy origins in children of gay fathers during middle childhood. The present study examined the separate and combined influences of child attachment security and parental scaffolding (i.e., fathers' attempts to accept, encourage, and emotionally support their children's expression of thoughts and feelings) during discussions about conception on children's exploration of their surrogacy origins in 30 Italian children born to gay fathers through gestational surrogacy. Within each family, both fatherchild dyads (n = 60) participated in a 5-minute videotaped conversation regarding an aspect of the child's conception when children were mean aged 8.3 years (t1). At this time, children were also administered the Security Scale Questionnaire to evaluate their attachment security. Approximately 18 months later (t2; M age = 9.9 years), children were interviewed about their surrogacy origins. Linear mixed models (LMMs) for longitudinal data indicated that, with higher levels of parental scaffolding, only children who perceived greater attachment security reported greater exploration of their surrogacy origins. The findings are the first to underscore the importance of conversations about surrogacy within the context of parent-child attachment relationships, as well as the importance of fathers sensitively supporting their children as they explore their origins during middle childhood. In doing so, it is expected that fathers will likely facilitate their children's positive integration of their surrogacy conception into a coherent sense of identity during adolescence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children’s Exploration of Their Surrogacy Origins in Gay Two-Father Families: Longitudinal Associations With Child Attachment Security and Parental Scaffolding During Discussions About Conception

et al. 2020

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“…They can lose selfconfidence, or be humiliated, discredited, discriminated and they can even lose their status or position (Kaur and Ricciardelli 2017). Other research has also confirmed that women and couples involved in the IVF process recognize that they are exposed to stigma (Ranjbar et al 2015;Faccio et al 2019). The results of the research done by Kričković Pele (2014) showed that women who have no children are exposed to discrimination mostly at work, by their in-laws, and in their neighbourhoods as well.…”

Section: Stigma and Ivfmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…It is important to note that despite the parents being exposed to stigma, they recognize there is a risk that their children, who were conceived this way, could also be exposed to stigmatization or labeled as different or 'test tube babies' due to lack of information (Faccio et al 2019;Ranjbar et al 2015). The risk is present despite the fact that the children's only uniqueness is the way they were conceived, whereas all the other elements related to genetic material, pregnancy and parenthood are identical to those of children conceived through sexual intercourse (Opsenica Kostić 2017).…”

Section: Stigma and Ivfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors of this research point out that the woman's experience in such circumstances is greatly affected by 'socially constructed gender roles, socio-economic status, partner support and the support of the surroundings and society as a whole' (Kričković Pele, Zotović Kostić 2018). The most common reasons for non-disclosure or selective disclosure of the facts about infertility, as well as the treatments they undergo, are the feeling of disgrace and fear of stigmatization (Faccio et al 2019;Kaur, Ricciardelli 2017;Ranjbar et al 2015). Non-disclosure and selective disclosure may have different negative consequences, although they are commonly applied strategies.…”

Section: Stigma and Ivfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This paper will present the results of research in which the respondents were women with IVF experience. In relation to the social construction of reproduction, procreation and parenthood and women's roles in it (Whitford and Gonzalez 1995;Remennick 2000;Đorić and Gavrilović 2006;Yeshua-Katz 2017;Faccio et al 2019) we explored the stigma of perceiving those that 'do not fit in the existing pattern' -How women with IVF experience perceive and interpret the stigma related to IVF? In order to reduce stigma exposure, the participants in the IVF procedure can decide whether and to what extent they will reveal about it to others and potentially expose themselves to stigma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stigma and in Vitro Fertilization: Perception of Women With Ivf Experience

Skrobić

Pucarević

2021

fupsphed

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Couples and individuals involved in the IVF process are faced with numerous challenges. One of the challenges is coping with stigma, which is especially prevalent in those societies in which the significance of procreation is emphasized. This paper will present the results of qualitative research on stigma perception – how women with IVF experience perceive and interpret the stigma related to IVF. 11 women were interviewed and the sample was provided in collaboration with the “Šansa za roditeljstvo” Association. The data were processed using thematic analysis. The respondents recognize that there is a stigma related to IVF, as well as a possible risk for their children who were conceived in this way being exposed to stigmatization. All the respondents live in big cities, which probably contributes to less exposure to stigma and a greater willingness to talk about this topic, while the respondents emphasized that stigmatization is much greater in smaller communities. Education and being well informed about IVF are recognized as possible ways of crossing the path from stigmatization to ‘normalization’ and greater acceptance of IVF. The research has provided initial insights into stigma perception and experience of individuals and couples involved in the IVF process. The results indicate that it is necessary to introduce systematic and continuous support in this field.

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Assisted Conception Socialization Self-Efficacy Among Israeli Lesbian, Gay, and Heterosexual Parent Families and its Association with Child Externalizing Problems

et al. 2022

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This questionnaire-based study compared 36 Israeli lesbian mother families ( n = 72 lesbian mothers) formed by donor insemination, 39 Israeli gay father families ( n = 78 gay fathers) formed by gestational surrogacy, and 36 Israeli heterosexual parent families ( n = 72 heterosexual parents) formed by assisted reproduction (without donated gametes), all with a target child aged 3–10 years. The families were examined for parents’ assisted conception socialization self-efficacy, depression, negative and positive affect, life satisfaction, positivity, resilience, social support, and child externalizing problems. Multiple factors associated with child externalizing problems were also examined. Multilevel modeling analyses indicated that parents’ assisted conception socialization self-efficacy did not differ between family groups; however, lesbian mothers and gay fathers reported fewer child externalizing problems and greater social support, relative to heterosexual parents. Also, lesbian mothers—but not gay fathers—reported lower levels of depression, greater life satisfaction, and more positivity than did heterosexual parents. Finally, irrespective of family type, greater assisted conception socialization self-efficacy was associated with fewer parent-reported child externalizing problems. Findings are interpreted in light of the cultural socialization framework and Israel’s familistic and pronatalist environment. Implications for health professionals, educators, and policymakers working with diverse family forms are discussed.

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To Tell or not to Tell? Parents’ Reluctance to Talking About Conceiving Their Children Using Medically Assisted Reproduction

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Children’s Exploration of Their Surrogacy Origins in Gay Two-Father Families: Longitudinal Associations With Child Attachment Security and Parental Scaffolding During Discussions About Conception

Children’s Exploration of Their Surrogacy Origins in Gay Two-Father Families: Longitudinal Associations With Child Attachment Security and Parental Scaffolding During Discussions About Conception

Stigma and in Vitro Fertilization: Perception of Women With Ivf Experience

Assisted Conception Socialization Self-Efficacy Among Israeli Lesbian, Gay, and Heterosexual Parent Families and its Association with Child Externalizing Problems

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