To Study the Effect of LiMn2O4, Nanofibers of LiMn2O4, and Graphene/Polyaniline/Carbon Nanotube as Electrode Materials in the Fuel Cell

Abstract

This study is conducted to explore the best electrodes materials for energy conversion devices. The two cathode materials (LiMn2O4 and nanofibers of LiMn2O4) and the anode material (graphene/polyaniline/carbon-nanotube) were synthesized by a wet chemical method which includes sol-gel and chemical polymerization techniques. The prepared materials were characterized by SEM, XRD FTIR, and cyclic voltammetry. The characterization results show that LiMn2O4 exhibits a porous and hollow structure, which improves the utilization of the active mass area, and allows the dual conduction of Li+ and electrons, which effectively relieves the structural strain and volume change. The cyclic voltammetry results record that LiMn2O4 and nanofibers of LiMn2O4 as a cathode material enhanced the cycling performance and possess excellent stability. Further, the conductivity of each sample was measured using the DC four-probe method, and the highest conductivity was observed for the LiMn2O4 nanofibers 1.43 SCm-1 at 650℃.

Fabricating Ion Sieves by 3D Printing for Selective Lithium Adsorption from Brines

“…In Figure 3 b), the spectra of the calcined monolith before and after the generation of vacancies using HCl were observed. Particularly, the band at 556 cm −1 has been assigned to $${\nu }$$ LiO mode of LiO 4 , [32] which was observed in the M spectrum but is no longer visible in the MH sample. It has been reported that the aforesaid discrepancy is related to an exchange between Li + and H + [33] .…”

“…Also, the d‐spacing was calculated using the Bragg's Law: [32] $$$\vcenter{\openup.5em\halign{$\displaystyle{#}$\cr d={{n\lambda }\over{2^{\ast}{\rm sin}{\rm \theta }}}\hfill\cr}}$$$ …”

“…Also, the d-spacing was calculated using the Bragg's Law: [32] d ¼ nl 2*sinq where n is an integer, λ is the wavelength of the x-ray, d is the spacing between the atomic planes, and θ is the angle of incidence.…”

A Comprehensive Exploration of Polysulfides, From Synthesis Techniques to Diverse Applications and Future Frontiers

“…The basic concept of using sulfur-based functional groups is to create a diverse polymer with desired properties. Currently, the pivot of researchers is to enhance the materials’ properties and characterization by sulfur introduction into the main chain to comprehend the applications. − …”