To sleep or not to sleep: neuronal and ecological insights

Eban-Rothschild, Ada; Giardino, William J.; Lecea, Luı́s de

doi:10.1016/j.conb.2017.04.010

Cited by 70 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…This change in task specialization is accompanied by broad changes in gene expression, epigenetic signatures and brain structure (Toth and Robinson, 2007;Patalano et al, 2012). A comparison of sleep between young worker bees and older foraging bees revealed differences in sleep architecture, with young bees spending a greater amount of time in light sleep (Eban-Rothschild et al, 2017). The understanding of variation in gene expression between life stages may be applied to understand how these task transitions are associated with sleep.…”

Section: Studying Natural Variation In Sleep Using Emergent Model Sysmentioning

confidence: 99%

The origins and evolution of sleep

Keene

Duboué

2018

Journal of Experimental Biology

133

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Sleep is nearly ubiquitous throughout the animal kingdom, yet little is known about how ecological factors or perturbations to the environment shape the duration and timing of sleep. In diverse animal taxa, poor sleep negatively impacts development, cognitive abilities and longevity. In addition to mammals, sleep has been characterized in genetic model organisms, ranging from the nematode worm to zebrafish, and, more recently, in emergent models with simplified nervous systems such as and jellyfish. In addition, evolutionary models ranging from fruit flies to cavefish have leveraged natural genetic variation to investigate the relationship between ecology and sleep. Here, we describe the contributions of classical and emergent genetic model systems to investigate mechanisms underlying sleep regulation. These studies highlight fundamental interactions between sleep and sensory processing, as well as a remarkable plasticity of sleep in response to environmental changes. Understanding how sleep varies throughout the animal kingdom will provide critical insight into fundamental functions and conserved genetic mechanisms underlying sleep regulation. Furthermore, identification of naturally occurring genetic variation regulating sleep may provide novel drug targets and approaches to treat sleep-related diseases.

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Section: Studying Natural Variation In Sleep Using Emergent Model Sysmentioning

confidence: 99%

The origins and evolution of sleep

Keene

Duboué

2018

Journal of Experimental Biology

133

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“…Species display robust differences in homeostatically regulated behaviors including sleep, feeding, and metabolic function, yet little is known about the ecological and functional relationship between these traits (Aulsebrook, Jones, Rattenborg, Roth, & Lesku, ; Eban‐Rothschild, Giardino, & de Lecea, ). In mammals, sleep duration ranges from ~2 to 18 hr/day, suggesting that the environment and evolutionary history potently affect sleep regulation (Capellini, Barton, McNamara, Preston, & Nunn, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in sleep and metabolic function is associated with latitude and average temperature in Drosophila melanogaster

Brown

Torres

Bennick

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Regulation of sleep and metabolic homeostasis is critical to an animal's survival and under stringent evolutionary pressure. Animals display remarkable diversity in sleep and metabolic phenotypes; however, an understanding of the ecological forces that select for, and maintain, these phenotypic differences remains poorly understood. The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is a powerful model for investigating the genetic regulation of sleep and metabolic function, and screening in inbred fly lines has led to the identification of novel genetic regulators of sleep. Nevertheless, little is known about the contributions of naturally occurring genetic differences to sleep, metabolic phenotypes, and their relationship with geographic or environmental gradients. Here, we quantified sleep and metabolic phenotypes in 24 D. melanogaster populations collected from diverse geographic localities. These studies reveal remarkable variation in sleep, starvation resistance, and energy stores. We found that increased sleep duration is associated with proximity to the equator and elevated average annual temperature, suggesting that environmental gradients strongly influence natural variation in sleep. Further, we found variation in metabolic regulation of sleep to be associated with free glucose levels, while starvation resistance associates with glycogen and triglyceride stores. Taken together, these findings reveal robust naturally occurring variation in sleep and metabolic traits in D. melanogaster, providing a model to investigate how evolutionary and ecological history modulate these complex traits.

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“…The temporal pattern of vigilance states in most animals represents a balance between the competing needs to stay awake and sleep, which varies between species, between individuals of the same species and across ontogeny. 6,7 Sleep is timed by an endogenous circadian clock and a homeostatic drive for sleep which builds during wake. These two processes allow the alignment of numerous aspects of behaviour and physiology with the occurrence of ecological factors such as light, food availability, ambient temperature and risk of predation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between fasting-induced torpor, sleep and wakefulness in the laboratory mouse

Vyazovskiy

Peirson

Foster

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Torpor is a regulated reversible state of metabolic suppression used by many mammalian species to conserve energy. Although torpor has been studied extensively in terms of general physiology, metabolism and neuroendocrinology, the effects of hypometabolism and associated hypothermia on brain activity and states of vigilance have received little attention. Here we performed continuous monitoring of electroencephalogram (EEG), electromyogram (EMG) and peripheral body temperature in adult, male C57BL/6 mice over consecutive days of scheduled restricted feeding. All animals showed prominent bouts of hypothermia that became progressively deeper and longer as fasting progressed. EEG and EMG were markedly affected by hypothermia, although the typical electrophysiological signatures of NREM sleep, REM sleep and wakefulness allowed us to perform vigilance-state classification in all cases. Invariably, hypothermia bouts were initiated from a state indistinguishable from NREM sleep, with EEG power decreasing gradually in parallel with decreasing body temperature. Furthermore, during deep hypothermia REM sleep was largely abolished, but we observed brief and intense bursts of muscle activity, which resembled the regular motor discharges seen during early ontogeny associated with immature sleep patterns. We conclude that torpor and sleep are electrophysiologically on a continuum, and that, in order for torpor to occur, mice need to first transition through euthermic sleep. 3| P a g e

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To sleep or not to sleep: neuronal and ecological insights

Cited by 70 publications

References 81 publications

The origins and evolution of sleep

The origins and evolution of sleep

Variation in sleep and metabolic function is associated with latitude and average temperature in Drosophila melanogaster

The relationship between fasting-induced torpor, sleep and wakefulness in the laboratory mouse

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