To scan or not to scan? DXA in postmenopausal women

DeSapri, Kristi Tough; Brook, Rachel

doi:10.3949/ccjm.87a.18136

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Note that AAC may contain both intimal and medial calcification, and medial calcification is not believed to be related to CVD risk. An advantage of AAC over qCT measures is that AAC is readily available as DEXA scans of the spine are recommended by several medical organizations to detect vertebral fractures in those older than 65 or 70 (DeSapri and Brook, 2020). AAC information is a byproduct of lateral scans of the spine.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Race/ethnicity differences in vitamin D levels and impact on cardiovascular disease, bone health, and oral health

Thamattoor

2021

Preprint

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Vitamin D and its biomarker 25(OH)D are known to vary by race/ethnicity with African Americans (AAs) having significantly lower levels than non-Hispanic whites (white Americans). However, AAs have better bone mineral density (BMD) and less arterial calcification, one marker of cardiovascular risk, than white Americans, with some studies showing higher vit. D levels harmful to AAs. This study analyzes NHANES data from 2011 to 2014, NHANES being a biennially published national survey of nearly 10,000 people, with interview, examination, and lab data components. The analyses, using count regression and linear regression models to avoid thresholding of variables, find that abdominal aortic calcification scores rise with 24(OH)D in white Americans, with no statistically significant effect in AAs; femoral BMD falls with 25(OH)D in both groups; osteoporotic fracture risks fall with 25(OH)D in white Americans; and periodontal attachment loss falls with rising 25(OH)D in both groups. Overall, higher 25(OH)D seems protective for oral and skeletal health in white Americans, protective for periodontal health in AAs, negative for their skeletal health, and negative for arterial calcification in white Americans, after controlling for the demographic factors of age and sex, the physiological elements of blood pressure and BMI, the biochemical variables of LDL and cholesterol levels, the socioeconomic indicators of income-to-poverty-level ratio and education levels, and the environmental influence of the season. As periodontitis is low on the disease hazard scale compared to arterial calcification and skeletal health, the results point to a lack of significant protection with rising OH(D) levels in AAs, even after their low base levels, and some harmful impact from those higher levels. That combination should trigger a closer look at the single population-wide vitamin D threshold of 30 to 50 ng/mL currently recommended in the US.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Race/ethnicity differences in vitamin D levels and impact on cardiovascular disease, bone health, and oral health

Thamattoor

2021

Preprint

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Implant migration and bone mineral density measured simultaneously by low-dose CT scans: a 2-year study on 17 acetabular revisions with impaction bone grafting

et al. 2020

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Background and purpose — Early postoperative implant migration predicts failure of joint replacements. Bone mineral density reflects bone quality and bone-graft incorporation. Implant migration and bone densitometry analysis usually require special equipment. We investigated cup migration and bone mineral density changes simultaneously with low-dose CT scans after acetabular revision hip arthroplasty using impaction bone grafting. Patients and methods — We performed a low-dose CT postoperatively, after 6 weeks, and after 2 years in 17 patients, all revised using impaction bone grafting and a graft-compressing titanium shell in the acetabulum. 6 patients had combined segmental and cavitary acetabular defects. Cup migration was analyzed using CT-based micromotion analysis (CTMA). Bone mineral density was determined in the graft and in surrounding native bone using volumetric quantitative computed tomography (QCT). The bone graft volume was calculated from 3D reconstructions. Results — At 2 years, the translations were 1.5 (95% CI 0.4–2.6) mm in proximal direction, -0.6 (CI –1.6 to 0.4) in the medial direction and 0.3 (CI 0.0–0.6) in the anterior direction. The mean volume of impacted bone graft was 40 cm³ (CI 28–52). In the graft bone mineral density increased 14% after 6 weeks and 23% after 2 years. There was 1 mechanical failure. Interpretation — Proximal migration of the acetabular component was low and comparable to previous reports. There was a rapid increase of bone mineral density in the bone graft. Low-dose CT scans make migration analysis and bone densitometry measurements possible in the same setting, offering great diagnostic potential for hip arthroplasty patients.

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DXA after menopause

Balkin

2020

CCJM

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To scan or not to scan? DXA in postmenopausal women

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Race/ethnicity differences in vitamin D levels and impact on cardiovascular disease, bone health, and oral health

Race/ethnicity differences in vitamin D levels and impact on cardiovascular disease, bone health, and oral health

Implant migration and bone mineral density measured simultaneously by low-dose CT scans: a 2-year study on 17 acetabular revisions with impaction bone grafting

DXA after menopause

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