To Evaluate the Effect of Different Adhesive Materials on the Microleakage of Bonded Amalgam Restorations: An in vitro Study

Abstract

This study evaluated the ability of different adhesive materials in reducing the microleakage in class V amalgam restorations. Standardized class V cavities were prepared on the facial surface of 56 noncarious human premolars, they were then randomly divided into control and experimental groups based on adhesives used. Group I was the control group with Copal Varnish, group II had Panavia F 2.0, Group III contained Vitrebond Plus and group IV had RelyX ARC as adhesives. Amalgam was hand condensed into each preparation after application of adhesive material. Specimens were thermocycled, stained and sectioned. Microleakage was graded using a stereomicroscope. Less leakage was observed in all experimental groups compared to control group (p < 0.01) on nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test. Mann-Whitney test observed leakage was more extensive at the gingival margins (p < 0.01) in all restorations than at occlusal margins. Group III showed no leakage which was significantly different from other groups (p < 0.05). Hence, this study concluded that application of intermediate adhesive material before condensation of amalgam can act as an effective barrier for microleakage.How to cite this article: Bembi S, Bembi NN, Sood A, Gambhir A. To Evaluate the Effect of Different Adhesive Materials on the Microleakage of Bonded Amalgam Restorations: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2012; 5(3):185-189.

The Effect of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Microleakage of Amalgam Restorations: An in Vitro Study

“…Dental amalgam has been one of the oldest filling materials in posterior teeth restorations because of its several advantages, such as easy manipulation, low technique sensitivity, high wear resistance, low cost, durability and insolubility in oral fluids (21,25,26). However, one of the disadvantages of dental amalgam is the lack of chemical adhesion to the tooth structure which can result in amalgam microleakage.…”

“…Microleakage prevention is crucial for longevity of restorations since the passage of bacteria can lead to recurrent carries and pulpal inflammation which may cause reversible pulpitis or tooth necrosis. The tooth at last may need a replacement restoration, endodontic or even extraction (21). Different methods have been used for the evaluation of dental amalgam restorations microleakage.…”

“…Different methods have been used for the evaluation of dental amalgam restorations microleakage. Among them, dye penetration test is a simple, inexpensive and qualitative method (21). Therefore, we used this technique for the assessment of microleakage.…”

“…Varnish, acting as a mechanical barrier, did not bond to the tooth structure or amalgam restoration. However, other adhesive liners, such as resin based liners, can decrease the microleakage of amalgam restorations and affect the results of the study (21,27).…”

“…Furthermore, new studies have shown that X-ray, as a part of the electromagnetic spectrum, can increase the mercury release from amalgam fillings (20). Microleakage has been suggested to be a significant problem leading to pulp pathology, post-operative pain, tooth discoloration, recurrent caries and accelerated deterioration of the fillings (21,22). Previous studies have shown that EMFs emitted in MRI increase the microleakage of amalgam restorations (23,24).…”