To be serrate or pinnate: diverse leaf forms of yarrows (Achillea) are linked to differential expression patterns of NAM genes

Sha, Sha; Chen, Duo; Liu, Ming; Li, Ke-Lai; Jiang, Chen-Kun; Wang, Donghui; Guo, Yanping

doi:10.1093/aob/mcx152

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Interestingly, the two NAM homeologs retained the expression dynamics as they were in the parental species, that is, as leaves grew the expression of the A. acuminata homeolog declined continuously while that of the A. asiatica homeolog fluctuated along leaf development (Figs. 4 and 5; also see Sha et al, 2018). Regarding genes involved in the auxin efflux pathway, the A. acuminata homeolog had higher expression levels than the A. asiatica one at the TCP4 and JLO loci, whereas the A. asiatica homeolog was transcribed more than the A. acuminata one at PIN and SPL9 loci (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…We then observed leaf dissection morphogenesis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with the growing third seedling leaf. Only the observation on A. alpina is shown here because the observations on the two diploid species were undertaken during our previous study (Sha et al, 2018), and A. wilsoniana showed the same early leaf morphogenesis as A. alpina . Seedling plants at the age of 0–10 days after germination (DAG) were fixed in FAA solution (38% methanal: acetic acid: 70% ethanol as 5:5:90).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…4, S4). The expression and function of the NAM gene during leaf teeth/lobes development have been documented in the two diploid parental species (Sha et al, 2018). The NAM expression of the A. acuminata homeolog was higher than that of the A. asiatica homeolog in the two early stages but the ratio was reversed at the last two stages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous study on the two diploid species showed that differential expression patterns of the NAM genes was highly correlated to leaf form divergence, and marked sequence divergence in NAM coding and 5′‐upstream regions were found between them (Sha et al, 2018). It is interesting to check how many mutations have happened to the parental copies in A. alpina since it was established.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coexpression of parental homeologs of leaf dissection related genes are associated with intermediate leaf forms of two allotetraploid yarrows (Achillea, Asteraceae)

Chen

Jinxiu

Shen

et al. 2020

J of Sytematics Evolution

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Allopolyploidization usually causes prominent genomic and transcriptional changes, and consequently, promotes the occurrence of phenotypic modifications and/or novelties. The tetraploid Achillea alpina L. species complex in the daisy family has been clearly studied concerning genetic variations and parentage. Population genetic data point to their progenitors as the diploid A. acuminata (Ledeb.) Sch. Bip. and A. asiatica Serg., and show that they have kept two distinct parental genomes relatively intact. Phenotypically, this complex displays a range of leaf form variation between the parental species. To better understand the source of variation at the transcriptional level of the allotetraploid species, we undertook morphological and gene expression analyses with regard to leaf dissection patterns. Morphometrics of leaf traits were carried out on two members of the tetraploid complex, A. alpina and A. wilsoniana Heimerl ex Hand.‐Mazz. and their diploid progenitor species, A. acuminata and A. asiatica. In parallel, the expression patterns of a dozen leaf dissection‐related genes were detected using reverse transcription real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) method. In the allotetraploid species, important leaf dissection‐related genes, such as NAM and PIN, were expressed at the intermediate level between the two diploid species. In general, most of the genes examined in the allotetraploids were expressed at mid‐parent levels or close to one of the parental species. Considering the relative contribution of parental homeologs to the allotetraploids, there is no consistent pattern among the genes analyzed. Overall, lack of transgressive expression of leaf dissection‐related genes could be correlated with the intermediate leaf phenotypes of the allotetraploids A. alpina and A. wilsoniana between their parental species.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coexpression of parental homeologs of leaf dissection related genes are associated with intermediate leaf forms of two allotetraploid yarrows (Achillea, Asteraceae)

Chen

Jinxiu

Shen

et al. 2020

J of Sytematics Evolution

Self Cite

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“…Class II TCP, like TCP4, can also directly activate miR396 to inhibit the expression of GRF targets or repress the expression of GRF/GIF genes via unknown mechanisms [ 148 , 150 , 151 ]. CUC genes play key roles for marginal morphogenesis and are repressed by Class II TCP and miR164 [ 152 , 153 , 154 ]. In addition, PRS is also repressed by class II TCP and NGATHA (NGA), promoting cell proliferation in the leaf margin [ 155 ].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Leaf Development: the Gene Regulatory Netwomentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of the Morphological Plasticity Induced by Phytohormones and the Environment in Plants

Zhao

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Plants adapt to environmental changes by regulating their development and growth. As an important interface between plants and their environment, leaf morphogenesis varies between species, populations, or even shows plasticity within individuals. Leaf growth is dependent on many environmental factors, such as light, temperature, and submergence. Phytohormones play key functions in leaf development and can act as molecular regulatory elements in response to environmental signals. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on the effects of different environmental factors and phytohormone pathways on morphological plasticity and intend to summarize the advances in leaf development. In addition, we detail the molecular mechanisms of heterophylly, the representative of leaf plasticity, providing novel insights into phytohormones and the environmental adaptation in plants.

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SHOOT MERISTEMLESS participates in the heterophylly of Hygrophila difformis (Acanthaceae)

Yang

Chen

et al. 2022

Plant Physiology

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In heterophyllous plants, leaf shape shows remarkable plasticity in response to environmental conditions. However, transgenic studies of heterophylly are lacking and the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we cloned the KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX family gene SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM) from the heterophyllous plant Hygrophila difformis (Acanthaceae). We used molecular, morphogenetic, and biochemical tools to explore its functions in heterophylly. HdSTM was detected in different organs of H. difformis, and its expression changed with environmental conditions. Heterologous, ectopic expression of HdSTM in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) increased leaf complexity and CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON (CUC) transcript levels. However, overexpression of HdSTM in H. difformis did not induce the drastic leaf change in the terrestrial condition. Overexpression of HdSTM in H. difformis induced quick leaf variations in submergence, while knockdown of HdSTM led to disturbed leaf development and weakened heterophylly in H. difformis. HdCUC3 had the same spatiotemporal expression pattern as HdSTM. Biochemical analysis revealed a physical interaction between HdSTM and HdCUC3. Our results provide genetic evidence that HdSTM is involved in regulating heterophylly in H. difformis.

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To be serrate or pinnate: diverse leaf forms of yarrows (Achillea) are linked to differential expression patterns of NAM genes

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Coexpression of parental homeologs of leaf dissection related genes are associated with intermediate leaf forms of two allotetraploid yarrows (Achillea, Asteraceae)

Coexpression of parental homeologs of leaf dissection related genes are associated with intermediate leaf forms of two allotetraploid yarrows (Achillea, Asteraceae)

Mechanisms of the Morphological Plasticity Induced by Phytohormones and the Environment in Plants

SHOOT MERISTEMLESS participates in the heterophylly of Hygrophila difformis (Acanthaceae)

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