TNT, a free program for phylogenetic analysis

Goloboff, Pablo A.; Farris, James S.; Nixon, Kevin C.

doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00217.x

Cited by 4,675 publications

(3,383 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…5 5, so as to exhaustively sample parameter space. The strict consensus of most parsimonious trees for each value of k, generated using the parsimony ratchet 34 and sectorial search 35 heuristics in TNT 36,37 , is reported in the Supplementary Data. Figure 2 displays the consensus of all most parsimonious trees recovered at all sampled values of k (0.12-210) and the equal weights tree.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hallucigenia’s onychophoran-like claws and the case for Tactopoda

Smith

Ortega‐Hernández

2014

Nature

108

134

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Citation for published item: mithD wF F nd yrteg Erern¡ ndezD tF @PHIRA 9r llu igeni 9s ony hophor nElike l ws nd the se for topod F9D x tureFD SIR @USPPAF ppF QTQEQTTFFurther information on publisher's website:httpXGGdxFdoiForgGIHFIHQVGn tureIQSUTPublisher's copyright statement:Additional information:Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO• the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hallucigenia’s onychophoran-like claws and the case for Tactopoda

Smith

Ortega‐Hernández

2014

Nature

108

134

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“…Maximum parsimony analysis was performed in software TNT 1.1 (Goloboff et al, 2008) using Melanargia galathea as outgroup. All characters (with gaps as the fifth state) were treated as unordered and equally weighted.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversification of the cold-adapted butterfly genus Oeneis related to Holarctic biogeography and climatic niche shifts

Klečková

Cesanek²,

Fric

et al. 2015

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

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Both geographical and ecological speciation interact during the evolution of a clade, but the relative contribution of these processes is rarely assessed for cold-dwelling biota. Here, we investigate the role of biogeography and the evolution of ecological traits on the diversification of the Holarctic arcto-alpine butterfly genus Oeneis (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae). We reconstructed the molecular phylogeny of the genus based on one mitochondrial (COI) and three nuclear (GAPDH, RpS5, wingless) genes. We inferred the biogeographical scenario and the ancestral state reconstructions of climatic and habitat requirements. Within the genus, we detected five main species groups corresponding to the taxonomic division and further paraphyletic position of Neominois (syn. n.). Next, we transferred O. aktashi from the hora to the polixenes species group on the bases of molecular relationships. We found that the genus originated in the dry grasslands of the mountains of Central Asia and dispersed over the Beringian Land Bridges to North America several times independently. Holarctic mountains, in particular the Asian Altai Mts. and Sayan Mts., host the oldest lineages and most of the species diversity. Arctic species are more recent, with Pliocene or Pleistocene origin. We detected a strong phylogenetic signal for the climatic niche, where one lineage diversified towards colder conditions. Altogether, our results indicate that both dispersal across geographical areas and occupation of distinct climatic niches promoted the diversification of the Oeneis genus..

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“…The parsimony phylogenetic analysis was performed in TNT version 1.1 (Goloboff et al, 2008). Trees were obtained from heuristic searches with 10 3 random-addition sequence replicates and tree bisection-reconnection (TBR) branch swapping supplemented by a TBR round on the 8 resulting shortest-length trees.…”

Section: Parsimony Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary and biogeographic history of weasel-like carnivorans (Musteloidea)

Sato

Wolsan

Prevosti

et al. 2012

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

140

122

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We analyzed a concatenated (8492 bp) nuclear-mitochondrial DNA data set from 44 musteloids The early offshoots of this radiation largely evolved into badger and marten ecological niches (Taxidiinae, Melinae, Mellivorinae, Guloninae, and Helictidinae), whereas the later divergences have adapted to other niches including those of weasels, polecats, minks, and otters (Mustelinae, Ictonychinae, and Lutrinae). Notably, and contrary to traditional beliefs, the morphological adaptations of badgers, martens, weasels, polecats, and minks each evolved independently more than once within Mustelidae. Ictonychinae (which is most closely related to Lutrinae) arose approximately 9.5-8.9 MYA, most likely in Asia, where it diverged into the Old World and Poecilogale, respectively, we propose that Pekania and Poecilictis be treated as valid genera and that -Martes‖ pennanti and -Ictonyx‖ libyca, respectively, be assigned to these genera.

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TNT, a free program for phylogenetic analysis

Cited by 4,675 publications

References 40 publications

Hallucigenia’s onychophoran-like claws and the case for Tactopoda

Hallucigenia’s onychophoran-like claws and the case for Tactopoda

Diversification of the cold-adapted butterfly genus Oeneis related to Holarctic biogeography and climatic niche shifts

Evolutionary and biogeographic history of weasel-like carnivorans (Musteloidea)

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