TMS can reveal contrasting functions of the dorsal and ventral visual processing streams

Ellison, Amanda; Cowey, Alan

doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0582-8

Cited by 35 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…The distance discrimination task directly replicated that used by Ellison & Cowey (2006), in which subjects had to judge which of two eccentric and identical green (11 cd/m 2 ) squares (1º x 1º in size, 5º to the left of the vertical midline) in the left hemifield was closer to a third identical square at the fixation point. One square (either the top or the bottom) was always 3º above or below the horizontal midline.…”

Section: Visual Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two sites of stimulation were used, as by Ellison & Cowey (2006), a right ventral stream site (LO) and a right dorsal stream site (PPC). The dorsal site was chosen as an area of posterior parietal cortex (PPC) known to be involved in difficult conjunction visual search tasks that engage dorsal functions, and was identified by using a hunting procedure with the hard conjunction task, as described in Ashbridge et al (1997).…”

Section: Tmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) study (Ellison & Cowey, 2006) showed that both the dorsal and ventral cortical visual processing streams are involved in the processing of a task in which judgement of relative spatial position is required. In order to determine whether both streams are active in a parallel or serial manner, a double pulse TMS (20Hz) experiment was carried out to expose peaks of disruption, indicative of when each of the areas under investigation is most potently involved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Avidan et al, 2003), although there is also evidence that both may be involved in the processing of a common task (Ellison & Cowey, 2006). This could indicate that some aspects of processing may be common to both streams and/or that there may be some interaction between the areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous paper (Ellison & Cowey, 2006) investigated this paradoxical dichotomy and discovered that there was a clear dissociation between the two streams when processing a shape task, with only right lateral occipital (LO) cortex being involved but not right posterior parietal cortex (PPC). However, counter-intuitively, both right LO and PPC were involved in the processing of a visuospatial task concerning the relative position of items in the frontal plane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time course of the involvement of the ventral and dorsal visual processing streams in a visuospatial task

Ellison

Cowey

2007

Neuropsychologia

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. (2007) 'Time course of the involvement of the ventral and dorsal visual processing streams in a visuospatial task. ', Neuropsychologia., 45 (14). pp. 3335-3339. Further information on publisher's website:https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.06.014 Publisher's copyright statement:Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details.

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Section: Visual Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time course of the involvement of the ventral and dorsal visual processing streams in a visuospatial task

Ellison

Cowey

2007

Neuropsychologia

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Predictability of saccadic behaviors is modified by transcranial magnetic stimulation over human posterior parietal cortex

Chao

Tseng

Hsu

et al. 2011

Human Brain Mapping

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Predictability in the visual environment provides a powerful cue for efficient processing of scenes and objects. Recently, studies have suggested that the directionality and magnitude of saccade curvature can be informative as to how the visual system processes predictive information. The present study investigated the role of the right posterior parietal cortex (rPPC) in shaping saccade curvatures in the context of predictive and non-predictive visual cues. We used an orienting paradigm that incorporated manipulation of target location predictability and delivered transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over rPPC. Participants were presented with either an informative or uninformative cue to upcoming target locations. Our results showed that rPPC TMS generally increased saccade latency and saccade error rates. Intriguingly, rPPC TMS increased curvatures away from the distractor only when the target location was unpredictable and decreased saccadic errors towards the distractor. These effects on curvature and accuracy were not present when the target location was predictable. These results dissociate the strong contingency between saccade latency and saccade curvature and also indicate that rPPC plays an important role in allocating and suppressing attention to distractors when the target demands visual disambiguation. Furthermore, the present study suggests that, like the frontal eye fields, rPPC is critically involved in determining saccade curvature and the generation of saccadic behaviors under conditions of differing target predictability.

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Cortical Connections Between Dorsal and Ventral Visual Streams in Humans: Evidence by TMS/EEG Co-Registration

et al. 2009

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Parietal cortex subserves various cognitive tasks, ranging from attention to visuo-motor skills. It is part of a parieto-frontal network involved in attention, and part of the visual dorsal stream, opposed to the visual ventral stream, although increasing evidence suggests interchange of information between them. In this study, co-registration of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Electroencephalographic activity (EEG) has been used to investigate the spreading of cortical connections from the parietal cortex in healthy volunteers. TMS on the left parietal cortex activated a network of prefrontal regions in the contra-lateral hemisphere in a time range of 102-167 ms after the stimulus. Moreover, activation in the ipsi-lateral middle temporal and fusiform gyri was observed at 171-177 ms after delivery of TMS. Findings suggest the existence of late driven connections between parietal and prefrontal regions that could partially represent the neural pathway related to attention, even if, in this experiment, no attentional processing was requested. Late connections between dorsal and ventral streams were also evident, confirming previous evidence about interchange of information between them. Conclusively, the present investigation confirms that a great amount of information spreads from parietal cortex to different regions in the brain, supporting the idea that connections are more complex and articulated than those proposed. Present findings also suggest that the simultaneous recording of EEG during the application of TMS is a promising tool for the study of connections in the brain.

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TMS can reveal contrasting functions of the dorsal and ventral visual processing streams

Cited by 35 publications

References 36 publications

Time course of the involvement of the ventral and dorsal visual processing streams in a visuospatial task

Time course of the involvement of the ventral and dorsal visual processing streams in a visuospatial task

Predictability of saccadic behaviors is modified by transcranial magnetic stimulation over human posterior parietal cortex

Cortical Connections Between Dorsal and Ventral Visual Streams in Humans: Evidence by TMS/EEG Co-Registration

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