Tm³⁺‐Sensitized NIR‐II Fluorescent Nanocrystals for In Vivo Information Storage and Decoding

Abstract

In vivo fluorescence imaging in the second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II) affords deep‐tissue penetration and high spatial resolution. Herein, we present a new type of Tm3+‐sensitized lanthanide nanocrystals with both excitation (1208 nm) and emission (1525 nm) located in the NIR‐II window for in vivo optical information storage and decoding. Taking advantage of the tunable fluorescence lifetimes, the optical multiplexed encoding capacity is enhanced accordingly. Micro‐devices with QR codes featuring the NIR‐II fluorescence‐lifetime multiplexed encoding were implanted into mice and were successfully decoded through time‐gated fluorescence imaging technology.

Polyaniline Nanovesicles for Photoacoustic Imaging‐Guided Photothermal‐Chemo Synergistic Therapy in the Second Near‐Infrared Window

“…A number of imaging modalities are available at present, including optical imaging, ultrasound imaging, photoacoustic imaging (PAI), etc. [ 1–6 ] As for the subsequent treatment, the combination of multiple treatment methods can improve the therapeutic effect of tumor, e.g., chemotherapy, thermotherapy, and surgical resection. [ 7–10 ] Photoinduced imaging and therapy have attracted increasing attention for biomedical diagnosis and therapy owing to noninvasive, nondestructive, and nonionizing features.…”

Materdicine: Interdiscipline of materials and medicine

“…In comparison with the available NIR‐II fluorophores, rare‐earth‐doped nanocrystals with more prominent photostability and higher biosecurity are competent to generate intense NIR‐II emission 52 . To achieve improved NIR‐II fluorescence imaging performance under an excitation of a NIR‐II laser, Tm 3+ ‐sensitized NaYF 4 :Tm 3+ /Er 3+ @NaYF 4 nanocrystals with the excitation and emission wavelengths at 1208 and 1525 nm, respectively, were fabricated for multiplexed encoding and decoding (Figure 3A‐C).…”

“…To achieve improved NIR‐II fluorescence imaging performance under an excitation of a NIR‐II laser, Tm 3+ ‐sensitized NaYF 4 :Tm 3+ /Er 3+ @NaYF 4 nanocrystals with the excitation and emission wavelengths at 1208 and 1525 nm, respectively, were fabricated for multiplexed encoding and decoding (Figure 3A‐C). 52 On account of the significant cross‐relation effect of neighboring Tm 3+ ‐Tm 3+ and Tm 3+ ‐activators, fluorescence lifetimes of the activators (Er 3+ , Ho 3+ , and Yb 3+ ) could be precisely modulated by regulating the content of Tm 3+ (Figure 3D). For instance, with the increasing doping content of Tm 3+ , the fluorescence lifetimes of these fluorophores at 980, 1180, and 1525 nm could be effectively reduced to 0.24, 0.78, and 0.36 ms, respectively (Figures 3E and 3F).…”

“…(H‐J) Time‐gated fluorescence imaging of QR codes using Tm 3+ ‐sensitized fluorescent nanocrystals. Reproduced with permission 52 . Copyright 2019, Wiley‐VCH…”

Activatable fluorescence sensors forin vivobio-detection in the second near-infrared window

“…1). 13,17,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] Particularly, the photons beyond the 1500 nm region exhibit the lowest tissue scattering and almost completely disappeared tissue autouorescence. Therefore, light in the NIR-II region, particularly beyond 1500 nm, affords a higher SBR through increased signal intensity (by reducing photon attenuation) and reduced biological background noise (by reducing tissue scattering and autouorescence).…”