TLRs 2 and 4 Are Not Involved in Hypersusceptibility to Acute <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Lung Infections

Ramphal, Reuben; Balloy, Viviane; Huerre, Michel; Si‐Tahar, Mustapha; Chignard, Michel

doi:10.4049/jimmunol.175.6.3927

Cited by 84 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…4D). Taken together, TRIF Ϫ/Ϫ mice have a specific pattern of cytokine and chemokine production in response to P. aeruginosa lung infection, which is distinct from MyD88 Ϫ/Ϫ mice (7,8,19).…”

Section: Impaired Cytokine and Chemokine Production In The Airways Ofmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Activation of the MyD88 pathway leads to NF-B activation and subsequent production of various inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as TNF and IL-1␤. An essential role of MyD88 pathway in the host defense against bacterial infection has been recognized (7,8,19). We and others showed that MyD88 deficiency leads to impaired clearance of P. aeruginosa from the lung (7,8,19).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Recently, a number of in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that TLRs are involved in the recognition of P. aeruginosa (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). TLRs are a family of pattern recognition receptors that are critical for cellular responses to microbial products (11).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Role of Toll-IL-1 Receptor Domain-Containing Adaptor-Inducing IFN-β in the Host Response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection in Mice

Power¹,

Li²,

Yamamoto

et al. 2007

The Journal of Immunology

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Toll-IL-1R domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFN-β (TRIF) is an adaptor molecule that mediates a distinct TLR signaling pathway. Roles of TRIF in the host defense have been primarily associated with virus infections owing to the induction of IFN-αβ. In this study, we investigated a role of TRIF in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. In vitro, TRIF-deficient mouse alveolar and peritoneal macrophages showed a complete inhibition of RANTES (CCL5) production, severely impaired TNF and KC (CXCL1) production, and reduced NF-κB activation in response to P. aeruginosa stimulation. In vivo, TRIF-deficient mice showed a complete inhibition of RANTES production, a severely impaired TNF and KC production, and an efficient MIP-2 and IL-1β production in the lung following P. aeruginosa infection. This outcome was associated with a delayed recruitment of neutrophils into the airways. These results suggest that TRIF mediates a distinct cytokine/chemokine profile in response to P. aeruginosa infection. P. aeruginosa-induced RANTES production is completely dependent on TRIF pathway in mice. Importantly, TRIF deficiency leads to impaired clearance of P. aeruginosa from the lung during the initial 24–48 h of infection. Thus, TRIF represents a novel mechanism involved in the development of host response to P. aeruginosa infection.

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Section: Impaired Cytokine and Chemokine Production In The Airways Ofmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 96%

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A Role of Toll-IL-1 Receptor Domain-Containing Adaptor-Inducing IFN-β in the Host Response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection in Mice

Power¹,

Li²,

Yamamoto

et al. 2007

The Journal of Immunology

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“…In murine experimental models of lung infection triggered by P. aeruginosa, TLR signaling seems redundant in the pulmonary host response [24,25], suggesting potential involvement of another receptor in the host defense against P. aeruginosa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic regulation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa‐induced cytokine production in human monocytes by mannose receptor and TLR2

et al. 2009

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The immune response to pathogen is regulated by a combination of specific PRR, which are involved in pathogen recognition. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a bacterium that causes life-threatening disease in immuno-compromised host, is recognized by distinct members of the TLR family. We have previously shown that viable P. aeruginosa bacteria are recognized by human monocytes mainly through TLR2. Using ligand-specific blocking antibodies, we herein show that the mannose receptor (MR), a phagocytic receptor for unopsonized P. aeruginosa bacteria, contributes equally to TLR2 in proinflammatory cytokine production by human monocytes in response to P. aeruginosa infection. Synergy of both receptors totally controls the immune response. Viable P. aeruginosa bacteria activate NF-jB and MAPK pathways and enhance TLR2-mediated signaling in MR-transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells. Moreover, MR follows the same kinetics and colocalizes with TLR2 in the endosome during in vivo infection of human macrophages with P. aeruginosa. The studies provide the first demonstration of a significant role for MR, synergistic with TLR2, in activating a proinflammatory response to P. aeruginosa infection.Key words: Mannose receptor . NF-kB . Pseudomonas aeruginosa . TLR . TNF-a IntroductionThe innate immune system relies on a vast array of non-clonally expressed PRR to detect pathogens. PRR bind conserved molecular structures known as PAMP, which are shared by a large group of pathogens. PRR binding to microbial products elicits a signaling response within leukocytes to produce immune modulators in a PRR-dependent manner [1]. Proinflammatory cytokine production by monocyte/macrophage lineage orchestrates the immune response and predicts the outcome of infection. The overall immune response depends on the combination of engaged PRR and their specific ligands. This complexity allows the immune system not only to tailor its response to a specific pathogen but also to discriminate the site of infection or the microbial burden.Host recognition of PAMP may result in two entirely different outcomes. An appropriate response leads to the eradication of a microorganism [2], but an exaggerated inflammatory response may lead to illnesses such as sepsis and shock [3]. TLR are the best-characterized signal-generating receptors among the PRR. They initiate key inflammatory responses and shape adaptive immunity [4]. All human TLR ($11) are type I transmembrane glycoproteins containing an extracellular domain with leucinerich repeats responsible for ligand recognition and a cytoplasmic Toll/IL-1 receptor homology domain required for initiating signaling [5]. Working as homo-or heterodimers alone or with other PRR, they recognize a diverse array of microbial components in bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. This includes lipid-based bacterial cell wall components such as LPS and lipopeptides, microbial protein components such as flagellin and profilin-like molecules, and nucleic acids such as dsRNA, ssRNA, and CpG DNA [6].TLR participate with additio...

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“…However, to emphasize the importance of finding in υiυo correlates of in υitro findings, no single TLR-deficiency in transgenic mice has been found to seriously compromise the mammalian response to P. aeruginosa lung infection. Neither single deficiencies in TLR2 or TLR4 nor a combination deficiency of both of these molecules seems to have much impact on controlling P. aeruginosa lung infection in mice [39]. Similarly, mice singly lacking TLR5 were not more susceptible to P. aeruginosa infection [37], but alterations in cytokine responses and defects in bacterial clearance from lack of two TLRs in multi-transgenic animals have been observed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Airway epithelial control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis

Campodónico

Gadjeva

Paradis-Bleau

et al. 2008

Trends in Molecular Medicine

100

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Defective expression or function of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) underlies the hypersusceptibility of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients to chronic airway infections, particularly with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CFTR is involved in the specific recognition of P. aeruginosa, thereby contributing to effective innate immunity and proper hydration of the airway surface layer (ASL). In CF, the airway epithelium fails to initiate an appropriate innate immune response, allowing the microbe to bind to mucus plugs that are then not properly cleared because of the dehydrated ASL. Recent studies have identified numerous CFTR-dependent factors that are recruited to the epithelial plasma membrane in response to infection and that are needed for bacterial clearance, a process that is defective in CF patients hypersusceptible to infection with this organism. Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosisCystic fibrosis (CF) is unique among human genetic disorders in that mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, which encodes a protein whose primary function described to date has been to regulate conductance of ions in and out of cells and intracellular vacuoles, lead to hypersusceptibility to chronic lung infection. Human diseases wherein individuals homozygous for mutant genes are predisposed to infections serve as a firm foundation for understanding the molecular, cellular, physiologic and immunologic aspects of normal and compromised resistance to infection. CF is not just a prime example of how we can learn about normal and pathologic states; it could, in fact, be the only known human genetically determined disease wherein infection with a single pathogen -Pseudomonas aeruginosa -drives the vast majority of morbidity, clinical deterioration and ultimately life-shortening mortality encountered in this disease. In humans with significant compromises to their immune system, such as advanced AIDS, we would normally expect to see a plethora of pathogens take advantage of this debilitated state, but this is not the case in CF.CF is characterized by the emergence and persistence of (and, ultimately, the inability to clear) chronic infection with a variant of P. aeruginosa (mucoid P. aeruginosa) that overproduces a surface polysaccharide known as alginate. The organism undergoes other significant genetic adaptations and selections within the CF lung, and it is the emergence of mucoid P. aeruginosa that is the primary determinant of the clinical course of this disease [1,2]. In those individuals with either an uncommon but fortuitous protective immune response to specific P. aeruginosa antigens [3,4] Histopathologic basis for defining relevant interactions between P.aeruginosa and the CF airway epitheliumAlthough CF is a multisystem disease characterized by GI and nutritional abnormalities, salt loss syndromes and male urogenital abnormalities, the major clinical problem for CF patients is chronic sinopulmonary disease. Therefore, relying on observations made fr...

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TLRs 2 and 4 Are Not Involved in Hypersusceptibility to Acute Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infections

Cited by 84 publications

References 51 publications

A Role of Toll-IL-1 Receptor Domain-Containing Adaptor-Inducing IFN-β in the Host Response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection in Mice

A Role of Toll-IL-1 Receptor Domain-Containing Adaptor-Inducing IFN-β in the Host Response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection in Mice

Synergistic regulation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa‐induced cytokine production in human monocytes by mannose receptor and TLR2

Airway epithelial control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis

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