Titration cell and amalgam electrodes used in automated potentiometric measurements

Abstract

Titration vessels, amalgam electrodes, and other assessments which are used in a computeroperated system for potentiometric titrations are described. The titrator is used to study complex formation in solution by means of high-and low-resistance electrodes and volumetric and coulometric addition oftitrants. The computerized procedure is governed by a flexible program for the control of titration procedures, registration of data, and calculations.

Corrected Debye–Hückel Analysis of Surface Complexation

“…• C in NaClO 4 background concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, and 1.0 M. The titrations were performed on a fully automatic computer operated system (25) where the end of the J-shaped salt bridge was bent to point downward to prevent the suspension from blocking the junction. As there is a risk that a magnetic stirrer will grind the suspension a mechanical stirrer, with diameter slightly less than that of the titration vessel, was rotated approximately 1 mm above the bottom of the titration vessel.…”