“…As Cheng et al (2012) stated, several studies have been conducted until now to examine research titles syntactically, highlighting the title length (e.g., Yitzhaki, 1994;Anthony, 2001;Haggan, 2004), structural organizations of titles (e.g., Haggan, 2004;Wang and Bai, 2007;Salager-Meyer and Alcaraz Ariza, 2013;Archibald, 2017), titles in different genres (e.g., Hamp-Lyons, 1987;Soler, 2007;Méndez and Alcaraz, 2017), titles in various fields (e.g., Buxton and Meadows, 1977;Moattarian and Alibabaee, 2015;Nagano, 2015;Shahidpour and Alibabaee, 2017), and titles in different languages (e.g., Soler, 2007).…”