Titers of nine complement components, conglutinin and C3b-inactivator in adult and fetal bovine sera

Triglia, Richard P.; Linscott, William D.

doi:10.1016/0161-5890(80)90144-3

Cited by 75 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The remaining activity may still be complement-dependent, because heat-inactivation of the complement in milk is complete only after one hour at 56 °C [83]. Finally, the heating of milk after incubation with bacteria did not reduce the chemotactic activity, in agreement with the heat stability of C5 and C5a [52,111].…”

Section: Recruitment Of Phagocytesmentioning

confidence: 54%

The complement in milk and defense of the bovine mammary gland against infections

Rainard

2003

Vet. Res.

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-The mammary gland of dairy cows, which is prone to infection by various bacteria, mobilizes local and systemic immune defenses to cope with pathogens. The complement system plays an important part in the innate immunity against microorganisms through its bactericidal, opsonic, and phlogistic functions. The amount of the complement in the milk of healthy glands of dairy cows is low. Moreover, the classical pathway of activation is not functional because of a shortage in C1q. By contrast, the alternative pathway is active, deposits C3b and C3bi on bacteria, and generates amounts of C5a which are highly variable among cows. A slight inhibition of the bactericidal/hemolytic activities, of the deposition of C1q on bacteria, and of the phlogistic activity of C5a makes milk a rather anti-inflammatory fluid. The inhibitory activity does not involve C3b/ C3bi deposition on bacteria, nor the generation of C5a by the alternative pathway. When inflammation develops, the blood-derived complement components overcome the inhibitions and complement-dependent bactericidal, opsonic and phlogistic activities may be high in milk. Further research is necessary to evaluate the contribution of C5a to the recruitment of leukocytes in the mammary gland, and to specify the links between the complement system and the response of resident cells (leukocytes and mammary epithelial cells) to infection stimulus. This will help to define the contribution of the complement system to resistance against mastitis, and could help to differentiate animals more or less resistant to this frequent and costly disease.

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Section: Recruitment Of Phagocytesmentioning

confidence: 54%

The complement in milk and defense of the bovine mammary gland against infections

Rainard

2003

Vet. Res.

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“…Freshly filtered (2 mm diameter) FF (pHz7.2) was treated in five different ways: i) centrifuged through a 100 kDa filter (10 min at 14 000 g; Amicon Ultra-0.5 ml Centrifugal Filters for Protein Purification and Concentration: Millipore) to see whether the effects of whole FF were elicited by molecules !100 kDa; ii) by heat inactivation in a 55 8C water bath for 0.5 h (Triglia & Linscott 1980, Giard 1987, Pinyopummintr & Bavister 1994 to examine whether the FF factor was heat-resistant; iii) charcoal treatment as described by Cheng et al (1998) to examine whether a lipid or lipid-bound factor, including steroid hormones (Quirk & Fortune 1986), was implicated. For charcoal treatment, pooled FF was stirred at ambient temperature for 45 min with 50 mg charcoal/ml (Norit: activated and neutralized; Sigma) and then centrifuged at 4500 g for 1 h at 4 8C.…”

Section: Treatment Of Ffmentioning

confidence: 99%

An alkaline follicular fluid fraction induces capacitation and limited release of oviduct epithelium-bound stallion sperm

et al. 2015

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Induction of hyperactivated motility is considered essential for triggering the release of oviduct-bound mammalian spermatozoa in preparation for fertilization. In this study, oviduct-bound stallion spermatozoa were exposed for 2 h to: i) pre-ovulatory and ii) post-ovulatory oviductal fluid; iii) 100% and iv) 10% follicular fluid (FF); v) cumulus cells, vi) mature equine oocytes, vii) capacitating and viii) non-capacitating medium. None of these triggered sperm release or hyperactivated motility. Interestingly, native FF was detrimental to sperm viability, an effect that was negated by heat inactivation, charcoal treatment and 30 kDa filtration alone or in combination. Moreover, sperm suspensions exposed to treated FF at pH 7.9 but not pH 7.4 showed Ca 2C -dependent hypermotility. Fluo-4 AM staining of sperm showed elevated cytoplasmic Ca 2C in hyperactivated stallion spermatozoa exposed to treated FF at pH 7.9 compared to a modest response in defined capacitating conditions at pH 7.9 and no response in treated FF at pH 7.4. Moreover, 1 h incubation in alkaline, treated FF induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation in 20% of spermatozoa. None of the conditions tested induced widespread release of sperm pre-bound to oviduct epithelium. However, the hyperactivating conditions did induce release of 70-120 spermatozoa per oviduct explant, of which 48% showed protein tyrosine phosphorylation and all were acrosome-intact, but capable of acrosomal exocytosis in response to calcium ionophore. We conclude that, in the presence of elevated pH and extracellular Ca 2C , a heat-resistant, hydrophilic, !30 kDa component of FF can trigger protein tyrosine phosphorylation, elevated cytoplasmic Ca 2C and hyperactivated motility in stallion sperm, but infrequent release of sperm pre-bound to oviduct epithelium. Reproduction (2015) 150 193-208

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“…41 Another four groups of mice (n510/group) were passively immunized (i.n.) with 30 ml of this heat-inactivated sera.…”

Section: Passive Immunizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-administration of rIpaB domain of Shigella with rGroEL of S. Typhi enhances the immune responses and protective efficacy against Shigella infection

et al. 2015

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Shigella species cause severe bacillary dysentery in humans and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. The Invasion plasmid antigen (IpaB) protein, which is conserved across all Shigella spp., induces macrophage cell death and is required to invade host cells. The present study evaluates the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the recombinant (r) domain region of IpaB (rIpaB) of S. flexneri. rIpaB was administered either alone or was co-administered with the rGroEL (heat shock protein 60) protein from S. Typhi as an adjuvant in a mouse model of intranasal immunization. The IpaB domain region (37 kDa) of S. flexneri was amplified from an invasion plasmid, cloned, expressed in BL21 Escherichia coli cells and purified. Immunization with the rIpaB domain alone stimulated both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Furthermore, robust antibody (IgG, IgA) and T-cell responses were induced when the rIpaB domain was co-administered with rGroEL. Antibody isotyping revealed higher IgG1 and IgG2a antibody titers and increased interferon-gamma (IFN-c) secretion in the co-administered group. Immunization of mice with the rIpaB domain alone protected 60%-70% of the mice from lethal infection by S. flexneri, S. boydii and S. sonnei, whereas co-administration with rGroEL increased the protective efficacy to 80%-85%. Organ burden and histopathological studies also revealed a significant reduction in lung infection in the co-immunized mice compared with mice immunized with the rIpaB domain alone. This study emphasizes that the co-administration of the rIpaB domain and rGroEL protein improves immune responses in mice and increases protective efficacy against Shigella infection. This is also the first report to evaluate the potential of the GroEL (Hsp 60) protein of S. Typhi as an adjuvant molecule, thereby overcoming the need for commercial adjuvants.

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Titers of nine complement components, conglutinin and C3b-inactivator in adult and fetal bovine sera

Cited by 75 publications

References 25 publications

The complement in milk and defense of the bovine mammary gland against infections

The complement in milk and defense of the bovine mammary gland against infections

An alkaline follicular fluid fraction induces capacitation and limited release of oviduct epithelium-bound stallion sperm

Co-administration of rIpaB domain of Shigella with rGroEL of S. Typhi enhances the immune responses and protective efficacy against Shigella infection

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