“…The main problem of photocatalysis technology is how to improve the performance of the catalyst. Although some photocatalytic materials such as TiO 2 ( Ibukun et al, 2019 ), ZnO ( Rodrigues et al, 2020 ), CdS ( Lei et al, 2019 ), ZrO 2 ( Siwińska-Ciesielczyk et al, 2020 ), and WO 3 ( Ghenaatgar et al, 2019 ) have been commonly used, their wide bandgap width, easy recombination of photoelectron-hole pairs, low quantum efficiency, and poor stability ( Hernández-Alonso et al, 2009 ; Bethi et al, 2016 ; Hu et al, 2016 ) result in low photocatalytic efficiency. Among photocatalysts, g-C 3 N 4 has emerged as a robust semiconductor photocatalytic material because it is a non-metallic element; has a narrow band gap width (2.70 eV),and stable chemical properties; and is less costly ( Niu et al, 2012 ; Cao and Yu, 2014 ; Ye et al, 2015 ; Wei et al, 2019 ; Prasad et al, 2020 ).…”