Titanium dioxide-decorated rGO as an effective electrode for ultrahigh-performance capacitive deionization

Experimental and theoretical study of a new CDI device for the treatment of desulfurization wastewater

“…It also reveals that large dead zones appear at the corners and eddy current is produced at high flow rates from the flow distribution graph (Figure 14). The long-term stability of the system is an important indicator to test the performance of the CDI device Moustafa et al 2020;. In this experiment, a NaCl solution with an initial concentration of 500 mg/L was selected and continuously adsorbed and desorbed 10 times under a voltage of 1.2V.…”

A Review of Battery Materials as CDI Electrodes for Desalination

“…Sodium Titanium Oxide and Titanium Oxide Sodium titanium oxide (NTO) is an eco-friendly, hydrophilic Na-ion battery material with an appropriate voltage plateau and a high electrochemical capacity [91][92][93]. Moustafa et al (2020) [94] reported that the TiO 2 -decorated rGO (TiO 2 mass is 15% with respect to rGO) showed a salt removal capacity of 24.576 mg•g −1 at 1.2 V while the rGO showed a capacity of 13.58 mg•g −1 . The composite also exhibited an ultrahigh electrochemical capacitance of 635.1 F•g −1 , much higher than the rGO's capacitance (87.77 F•g −1 ).…”

Nano-manganese oxide and reduced graphene oxide-incorporated polyacrylonitrile fiber mats as an electrode material for capacitive deionization (CDI) technology

“… 31 However, its two-dimensional (2D) structure, with smaller specific capacitance, high electrical resistance between layers and high hydrophobicity, demands further modifications for its application as an electrode material for CDI. 32 Consequently, the formation of metal oxide (MO) composites of rGO has been widely explored; 33 titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), 34,35 magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ), 32 tin oxide (SnO 2 ), 36 MnFe 2 O 4 (ref. 37 ) and CoTiO 2 (ref.…”

“… 38 ) are some materials used for this purpose. The common rationale of improving the CDI performance of rGO electrodes by MO includes the intercalation of rGO layers by the MO nanoparticles, 35,38 thereby increasing the surface area 34 and specific capacitance of the composite, 32,36 and improving the hydrophilicity, 32,34 whereas pseudocapacitance has also been identified as a possible cause. 37 …”