Titanic Acid in the Potato Tuber

Headden, Wm. P.

doi:10.1126/science.61.1588.590.a

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…GABA was found in potato tubers in 1949, and since then, it has been found to be widespread in animals and plants as a bioactive and functional compound [ 3 ]. GABA is distributed in different cell compartments, connecting multiple primary and secondary metabolic pathways, which can maintain the balance of carbon and nitrogen in plants, provide energy and regulate the pH in the cytoplasm and organelle matrix.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…γ- Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a ubiquitous four-carbon non-reducing amino acid found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including bacteria, fungi, plants and animals. GABA was first discovered in potato tuber tissue in 1949 [ 3 ], and subsequent studies have revealed its biosynthesis and related functions in plants and animals. GABA is mainly synthesized in the cytoplasm and is catabolized in mitochondria [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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GABA Metabolism, Transport and Their Roles and Mechanisms in the Regulation of Abiotic Stress (Hypoxia, Salt, Drought) Resistance in Plants

Yuan

Gong

et al. 2023

Metabolites

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γ- Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a ubiquitous four-carbon non-protein amino acid. In plants, GABA is found in different cell compartments and performs different metabolic functions. As a signalling molecule, GABA participates in the regulation of tolerance to various abiotic stresses. Many research studies have found that GABA accumulates in large amounts when plants are subjected to abiotic stress, which have been demonstrated through the Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier and other databases. GABA enhances the tolerance of plants to abiotic stress by regulating intracellular pH, ion transport, activating antioxidant systems and scavenging active oxygen species. In the process of GABA playing its role, transport is very important for the accumulation and metabolism pathway of GABA in cells. Therefore, the research on the transport of GABA across the cell membrane and the organelle membrane by transport proteins is a direction worthy of attention. This paper describes the distribution, biosynthesis and catabolism of GABA in plants. In addition, we focus on the latest progress in research on the transport of exogenous GABA and on the function and mechanism in the regulation of the abiotic stress response. Based on this summary of the role of GABA in the resistance to various abiotic stresses, we conclude that GABA has become an effective compound for improving plant abiotic tolerance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GABA Metabolism, Transport and Their Roles and Mechanisms in the Regulation of Abiotic Stress (Hypoxia, Salt, Drought) Resistance in Plants

Yuan

Gong

et al. 2023

Metabolites

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“…γ‐Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a four‐carbon nonprotein amino acid that was first found in potato tubers (Steward et al, 1949 ). GABA metabolism, also known as a GABA shunt, is a process in which l ‐glutamate produces GABA through glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and then GABA is converted into succinic acid under succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase to shuttle into the tricarboxylic acid cycle (Bouché & Fromm, 2004 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

γ‐Aminobutyric acid plays a key role in alleviating Glomerella leaf spot in apples

Cui

Liu

et al. 2023

Molecular Plant Pathology

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The fungal disease Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) seriously impacts apple production. As a nonprotein amino acid, γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) is widely involved in biotic and abiotic stresses. However, it is not clear whether GABA is involved in a plant's response to GLS, nor is its molecular mechanism understood. Here, we found that exogenous GABA could significantly alleviate GLS, reduce lesion lengths, and increase antioxidant capacity. MdGAD1 was identified as a possible key gene for GABA synthesis in apple. Further analysis indicated that MdGAD1 promoted antioxidant capacity to improve apple GLS resistance in transgenic apple calli and leaves. Yeast one‐hybrid analysis identified the transcription factor MdWRKY33 upstream of MdGAD1. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay, β‐glucuronidase activity, and luciferase activity further supported that MdWRKY33 bound directly to the promoter of MdGAD1. The content of GABA and the transcription level of MdGAD1 in the MdWRKY33 transgenic calli were higher than that of the wild type. When MdWRKY33 transgenic calli and leaves were inoculated with GLS, MdWKRY33 positively regulated resistance to GLS. These results explained the positive regulatory effects of GABA on apple GLS and provided insight into the metabolic regulatory network of GABA.

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“…Stress tolerance in plants involves a variety of genetic and molecular adaptive mechanisms (Bohnert et al 1995) such as osmoregulation (McNeil et al 1999), calcium signaling (Hetherington and Brownlee 2004), and accumulation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (Steward 1949, Mayer et al 1990, Breitkreuz and Shelp 1995, Locy et al 2000. The metabolic pathway that converts glutamate to succinate through GABA is called the GABA shunt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each of these enzymes appears to have a regulatory role in GABA metabolism beside its formal catalytic role in the GABA shunt pathway (Shelp et al 1999, Bouché andFromm 2004). A rapid accumulation of GABA in response to heat, cold, ultra-violet (UV) radiation, drought, salinity, anoxia, mechanical stress, and wounding has been demonstrated (Steward 1949, Mayer et al 1990, Breitkreuz and Shelp, 1995, Bown and Shelp, 1997, Shelp et al 1999, Locy et al 2000, Petrivalsky et al 2007, Al-Quraan 2015. Beside its direct role as stress metabolite (Kinnersley and Turano 2000, Bouche and Fromm 2003, Bouché et al 2003a,b, Palanivelu et al 2003, Shelp et al 2006, it has been suggested that GABA regulates gene expression including the expression of the 14-3-3 gene family (Lancien and Roberts 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the γ-aminobutyric acid shunt pathway and oxidative damage in Arabidopsis thaliana pop 2 mutants under various abiotic stresses

AL-Quraan¹,

Al-Share²

2016

Biol. plant.

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In the present study, three Arabidopsis thaliana pop2 mutant lines with different T-DNA insertions in a gene coding γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase (GABA-TA) were screened for seed germination percentage, stress-induced oxidative damage, and GABA content and metabolism under various abiotic stresses including high temperature (42 ºC), low temperature (4 ºC), salinity (NaCl), and osmotic stress (mannitol). All mutant lines showed a decreased germination under all the stress treatments with a significant reduction in the pop2-1 and pop2-3 mutant lines. Content of GABA and MDA increased significantly in all pop2 mutants and wild type (WT) seedlings in response to all the treatments. However, content of GABA and MDA was lower in all pop2 mutants comparing to the WT under the same treatments. GABA increased already after 30 min and increased significantly after 2 h at 42 C especially in the pop2-3 and WT seedlings. In response to the cold treatment, GABA content increased up to 4-fold compared to the control in all pop2 mutants and WT seedlings. In response to the NaCl treatment, GABA accumulated slightly in the WT and all pop2 mutants. On the contrary, GABA content increased significantly in the pop2, pop2-1, and pop2-3 mutants and WT under all mannitol treatments.

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Titanic Acid in the Potato Tuber

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

GABA Metabolism, Transport and Their Roles and Mechanisms in the Regulation of Abiotic Stress (Hypoxia, Salt, Drought) Resistance in Plants

GABA Metabolism, Transport and Their Roles and Mechanisms in the Regulation of Abiotic Stress (Hypoxia, Salt, Drought) Resistance in Plants

γ‐Aminobutyric acid plays a key role in alleviating Glomerella leaf spot in apples

Characterization of the γ-aminobutyric acid shunt pathway and oxidative damage in Arabidopsis thaliana pop 2 mutants under various abiotic stresses

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