Tissue-specific regulatory elements of the Drosophila Gld gene

Quine, J A; Gunaratne, Prabha; Organ, Edward L.; Cavener, Beth A.; Cavener, Douglas R.

doi:10.1016/0925-4773(93)90094-e

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Ross et al (1994) searched for correlations between patterns of Gld expression and sequence changes in the enhancer region of Gld among species of the melanogaster subgroup. One promising result was that only D. teissieri lacks expression in the ejaculatory ducts and this species lacks all three TTAGA regulatory elements found within the D. melanogaster enhancer that had previously been shown to be capable of driving expression in the ejaculatory ducts (Quine et al 1993). However, two other species, D. erecta and D. yakuba also lack these enhancer elements but express Gld in the ejaculatory ducts.…”

Section: The Evidencementioning

confidence: 82%

“…Cavener and coworkers were apparently the first to directly investigate, using P-element-mediated transformation, the evolution of individual enhancer elements responsible for transcription in particular tissues (Cavener 1992;Quine et al 1993). They showed that a direct repeat of an AATTTA-GACC element found upstream of the D. melanogaster Glucose dehydrogenase gene (Gld) is sufficient to drive transcription of a reporter gene in the pupal rectal papillae.…”

Section: The Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are many possible explanations for this lack of a strict correlation between presumptive enhancer elements and expression pattern, but I will focus on one. Quine et al (1993) studied individual regulatory elements out of the context of the entire gene, in an attempt to isolate the individual elements driving tissue-specific expression. These assays revealed that specific elements were sufficient for driving tissue-specific expression, but not that they were the only elements necessary for proper expression.…”

Section: The Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspective: Evolutionary Developmental Biology and the Problem of Variation

2000

Evolution

413

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Abstract. One of the oldest problems in evolutionary biology remains largely unsolved. Which mutations generate evolutionarily relevant phenotypic variation? What kinds of molecular changes do they entail? What are the phenotypic magnitudes, frequencies of origin, and pleiotropic effects of such mutations? How is the genome constructed to allow the observed abundance of phenotypic diversity? Historically, the neo-Darwinian synthesizers stressed the predominance of micromutations in evolution, whereas others noted the similarities between some dramatic mutations and evolutionary transitions to argue for macromutationism. Arguments on both sides have been biased by misconceptions of the developmental effects of mutations. For example, the traditional view that mutations of important developmental genes always have large pleiotropic effects can now be seen to be a conclusion drawn from observations of a small class of mutations with dramatic effects. It is possible that some mutations, for example, those in cis-regulatory DNA, have few or no pleiotropic effects and may be the predominant source of morphological evolution. In contrast, mutations causing dramatic phenotypic effects, although superficially similar to hypothesized evolutionary transitions, are unlikely to fairly represent the true path of evolution. Recent developmental studies of gene function provide a new way of conceptualizing and studying variation that contrasts with the traditional genetic view that was incorporated into neoDarwinian theory and population genetics. This new approach in developmental biology is as important for microevolutionary studies as the actual results from recent evolutionary developmental studies. In particular, this approach will assist in the task of identifying the specific mutations generating phenotypic variation and elucidating how they alter gene function. These data will provide the current missing link between molecular and phenotypic variation in natural populations.

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Section: The Evidencementioning

confidence: 82%

Section: The Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspective: Evolutionary Developmental Biology and the Problem of Variation

2000

Evolution

413

241

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“…GLD appears to be secreted by the anterior spiracular gland (ASG) cells into the ecdysial space near the exit site for the newly developed adult fly (3). The ASG expresses high levels of Gld mRNA and GLD enzyme (3)(4)(5). GLD acts in some unknown way to weaken the operculum seam in preparation for eclosion, as evidenced by Gld mutants that have abnormally tough puparium cases and cannot eclose; excision of the anterior tip of the puparium rescues Gld mutants (1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GLD acts in some unknown way to weaken the operculum seam in preparation for eclosion, as evidenced by Gld mutants that have abnormally tough puparium cases and cannot eclose; excision of the anterior tip of the puparium rescues Gld mutants (1). Although the modification of the puparium case is the only known essential function of GLD, the Gld gene is expressed transiently at every stage of development in a variety of epidermal tissues (3,5). The temporal expression of Gld is correlated with the dramatic changes in the titer of ecdysone throughout development.…”

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confidence: 99%

An evolutionarily conserved palindrome in the Drosophila Gld promoter directs tissue-specific expression.

Gunaratne

Ross

Zhang

et al. 1994

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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A conserved palindromic sequence (Gpal) in the promoter region of the Drosophila GId directs expression of a heterologous reporter gene in transgenic flies to the anterior spiracular ands of third instar larvae and to the ejaculatory bulb of adult males. The Gldgene is normally expressed at high levels in the anterior spiracular glands but is not expressed in the ejaculatory bulb ofDrosophila melanogaster. However, GMd promoters from other DrosophUa species contain the Gpal element and express glucose dehydrogenase (GLD) in the adult male ejaculatory bulb. A gene fusion composed of the D.melanogasterGl promoter and the lacZ gene is expressed in the anterior spiracular glands of transgenlc larvae. Mutations of the Gpal sequence element in this gene fusion block expression of f-galactosidase in the anterior spiracular gland. Together these experiments demonstrate that Gpal is necessary and sufficient for tissue-specific expression in the anterior spiracular glands. Based upon the tissue distribution and function of GLD, it is spculated that expression of GLD in the anterior spiracular glands represents the ancestral state and that GLD expression in other tissues arose as a fortuitous consequence of a shared combinatorial regulatory network.

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Correlated evolution of the cis‐acting regulatory elements and developmental expression of the Drosophila Gld gene in seven species from the subgroup melanogaster

1994

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The tissue-specific expression patterns of glucose dehydrogenase (GLD) exhibit a high degree of interspecific variation in the adult reproductive tract among the species in the genus Drosophila. We chose to focus on the evolution of GLD expression and the evolution of the Gld promoter in seven closely related species in the melanogaster subgroup as a means of elucidating the relationship of changes in cis-acting regulatory elements in the Gld promoter region with changes in tissue-specific expression. Although little variation in tissue-specific patterns of GLD was found in nonreproductive tissues during development, a surprisingly high level of variation was observed in the expression of GLD in both developing and mature reproductive organs. In some cases this variation is correlated with changes in sequence elements in the Gld promoter which were previously shown to direct tissue-specific expression in the reproductive tract. In particular D. teissieri adult males do not express GLD in their ejaculatory ducts, atypical of the melanogaster subgroup species. The Gld promoter region of D. teissieri specifically lacks all three of the TTAGA regulatory elements present in D. melanogaster. The TTAGA elements were previously shown to direct reporter gene expression to the ejaculatory duct. Together these data suggest the absence or presence of the TTAGA elements may be responsible for variation in the absence or presence of GLD in the ejaculatory duct among species.

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Tissue-specific regulatory elements of the Drosophila Gld gene

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Perspective: Evolutionary Developmental Biology and the Problem of Variation

Perspective: Evolutionary Developmental Biology and the Problem of Variation

An evolutionarily conserved palindrome in the Drosophila Gld promoter directs tissue-specific expression.

Correlated evolution of the cis‐acting regulatory elements and developmental expression of the Drosophila Gld gene in seven species from the subgroup melanogaster

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