Tissue-specific daily variation in the oxidative status of sturgeon (Acipenser naccarii) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): a comparative study

Abstract

The oxidative status is associated with animal lifespan, metabolism, activity and circadian rhythms. The objective of this work is to study the time course of the oxidative status over a daily cycle in the plasma, liver and brain, and the changes in the plasma cortisol levels of sturgeon and trout. The knowledge of daily oxidative status will provide a better understanding of the trout and sturgeon physiology and adequate maintenance and food supply of farmed fish in relation to photoperiod. Superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione transferase, DT-diaphorase activities, lipid peroxidation and cortisol were measured. Our results showed that the antioxidative enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in the liver of trout and sturgeon changed through the day, with increased levels in lipid peroxidation of liver in the dark period for sturgeon. This could be related to the different activity time in both species, an issue to be taken into account when designing the guidelines of the maintenance of these species in fish farms. On the contrary, there was not clear influence of the daily rhythms on brain oxidative status. The higher efficiency of the antioxidant defences in the brain of sturgeon, which displays less lipid peroxidation and higher antioxidative activity, could be related to its longer life expectancy. The absence of any apparent daily rhythm in the plasma cortisol levels in sturgeon could indicate a lower susceptibility to stress, and that mechanisms involved in cortisol secretion in chondrosteans could be different from that described for teleosteans.

Innate immunity, oxidative stress and body indices of Eurasian perch Perca fluviatilis after two weeks of exposure to artificial light at night

“…The health of fish is protected by physiological defence mechanisms against environmental or biological hazards, which can be critical for survival and reproductive success. The numerous components of the immune system and the antioxidative defence system of fish can display daily and seasonal rhythms as they are shaped by environmental factors, such as photoperiod and temperature (Bowden, 2008; Fortes‐Silva et al ., 2019; Hidalgo et al ., 2017). Artificial light at night (ALAN) is an unprecedentedly increasing environmental change, which is introduced by humans to the nocturnal environment (Hölker et al ., 2010) and changes the information on nocturnal illumination and photoperiod, which may result in suboptimal functioning of the immune system of fish and other vertebrates (Bowden, 2008; Navara & Nelson, 2007).…”

Autonomous regulation of antioxidant protection and protein exchange in chickens

“…This process is accompanied by an intensification of lipid peroxidation, a decrease in the intensity of cellular respiration, and the activity of the antioxidant defense system (Lushchak et al, 2006). The products of free radical peroxidation can also act as biomarkers of tissue damage, as their content can be judged on the intensity of free radical processes in various body systems (Trenzado et al, 2005). Activation of lipid peroxidation is a universal damaging mechanism of cell membranes, which occurs with the formation of free hydroxyl and lipid radicals with high reactivity (Meerson, 2001).…”