Tissue safety analysis and duty cycle planning for galvanic coupled intra-body communication

Swaminathan, Meenupriya; Muncuk, Ufuk; Chowdhury, Kaushik R.

doi:10.1109/icc.2016.7511387

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In general, devices on the body communicate wirelessly through radio frequency (RF) technology. However, they suffer from high attenuation of signals provided by the body tissue [19,20]. We consider that galvanic coupling can provide power efficiency and security for communication beyond a significant reduction in vulnerability to attacks [15,21].…”

Section: Preliminariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Cost Electronic System for Human-Body Communication

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human-body communication (HBC) has increasingly gained attention from academia and industry. Most current works focus on characterizing the use of human-body tissues as a physical medium to enable reliable communication. However, designing coupling hardware and communication circuits for reliable data transmission (e.g., high throughput and low latency) is a demanding task, especially for achieving a compact full electronic implementation. For this purpose, there are few commercial devices, mainly differential probes and balun transformers, employed with electrical analysis instruments such as oscilloscopes and vector network analyzers. Although these devices are widely used, they are expensive and are difficult to miniaturize and integrate into real-world HBC-specific applications (e.g., data security). This article presents a low-cost electronic system that transfers collected data using a secondary channel: the ionic environment (the primary channel would be the wireless environment). We design an electronic system as an experimental setup for studying HBC, allowing the communication between instruments, sensors, and actuators by human-body tissues. The experimental evaluation of the proposed system follows (i) a phantom composed of saline (0.9%) and (ii) a real human forearm through adhesive surface electrodes.

show abstract

Section: Preliminariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Cost Electronic System for Human-Body Communication

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Intra‐body microwave communication through adipose tissue

Asan

Noreland

Hassan

et al. 2017

Healthcare Technology Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The human body can act as a medium for the transmission of electromagnetic waves in the wireless body sensor networks context. However, there are transmission losses in biological tissues due to the presence of water and salts. This Letter focuses on lateral intra-body microwave communication through different biological tissue layers and demonstrates the effect of the tissue thicknesses by comparing signal coupling in the channel. For this work, the authors utilise the R-band frequencies since it overlaps the industrial, scientific and medical radio (ISM) band. The channel model in human tissues is proposed based on electromagnetic simulations, validated using equivalent phantom and ex-vivo measurements. The phantom and ex-vivo measurements are compared with simulation modelling. The results show that electromagnetic communication is feasible in the adipose tissue layer with a low attenuation of ∼2 dB per 20 mm for phantom measurements and 4 dB per 20 mm for ex-vivo measurements at 2 GHz. Since the dielectric losses of human adipose tissues are almost half of ex-vivo tissue, an attenuation of around 3 dB per 20 mm is expected. The results show that human adipose tissue can be used as an intra-body communication channel.

show abstract