Tissue reactions to particles of bone‐substitute materials in intraosseous and heterotopic sites in rats: discrimination of osteoinduction, osteocompatibility, and inflammation

Eid, Karim; Zelicof, Steven B.; Perona, B. P.; Sledge, C. B.; Glowacki, Julie

doi:10.1016/s0736-0266(00)00080-2

Cited by 55 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In the present study, specimens from all three experimental groups failed to demonstrate the presence of osteoinduction, and this is in agreement with a number of other studies which reported a lack of osteoinduction following implantation of HA-TCP into experimental animals [23,27,28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The effect of Emdogain® and platelet-derived growth factor on the osteoinductive potential of hydroxyapatite tricalcium phosphate

2011

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The aim of this study was to determine whether hydroxyapatite β-tricalcium phosphate (HA-TCP) either alone or coated with Emdogain (EMD) or recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB (rhPDGF-BB) becomes osteoinductive in the murine thigh muscle model for osteoinduction. Twenty CD1 adult male mice had gelatin capsules implanted into the thigh muscle of both hind limbs. The capsules were either empty or contained one of the following: uncoated particulate HA-TCP, EMD-coated HA-TCP or rhPDGF-BB-coated HA-TCP. The implant sites were assessed histologically at 4 and 8 weeks. A semi-quantitative histological examination was performed to assess the inflammatory changes, reparative processes and osteoinduction within the graft site. At both 4 and 8 weeks, histological analysis failed to demonstrate any osteoinductive activity in any of the specimens from the experimental groups. A minimal chronic inflammatory response and foreign body reaction around the implanted materials was seen which reduced over time. The HA-TCP particles were embedded within fibrous connective tissue and were encapsulated by a dense cellular layer consisting of active fibroblasts and occasional macrophages with the thickness of this layer decreasing over time. The results of this study suggest that the use of commercially available HA-TCP alone or in combination with EMD or rhPDGF-BB is biocompatible but not osteoinductive in the murine thigh muscle model of osteoinduction. Coating HA-TCP with EMD or rhPDGF-BB does not enhance its osteoinductive potential.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The effect of Emdogain® and platelet-derived growth factor on the osteoinductive potential of hydroxyapatite tricalcium phosphate

2011

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“…Although the uncoated Straumann® Bone Ceramic material was not osteoconductive, another HA/TCP preparation, Zimmer, demonstrated an osteoconductive capacity similar to previously described [17]. Similar findings of heterogeneity amongst HA-TCP preparations have been reported [55,56].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Effect of coating Straumann® Bone Ceramic with Emdogain on mesenchymal stromal cell hard tissue formation

et al. 2011

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Periodontal tissue engineering requires a suitable biocompatible scaffold, cells with regenerative capacity, and instructional molecules. In this study, we investigated the capacity of Straumann Bone Ceramic coated with Straumann Emdogain, a clinical preparation of enamel matrix protein (EMP), to aid in hard tissue formation by post-natal mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) including bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs). MSCs were isolated and ex vivo-expanded from human bone marrow and periodontal ligament and, in culture, allowed to attach to Bone Ceramic in the presence or absence of Emdogain. Gene expression of bone-related proteins was investigated by real time RT-PCR for 72 h, and ectopic bone formation was assessed histologically in subcutaneous implants of Bone Ceramic containing MSCs with or without Emdogain in NOD/SCID mice. Alkaline phosphatase activity was also assessed in vitro, in the presence or absence of Emdogain. Collagen-I mRNA was up-regulated in both MSC populations over the 72-h time course with Emdogain. Expression of BMP-2 and the osteogenic transcription factor Cbfa-1 showed early stimulation in both MSC types after 24 h. In contrast, expression of BMP-4 was consistently down-regulated in both MSC types with Emdogain. Up-regulation of osteopontin and periostin mRNA was restricted to BMSCs, while higher levels of bone sialoprotein-II were observed in PDLFs with Emdogain. Furthermore, alkaline phosphatase activity levels were reduced in both BMSCs and PDLFs in the presence of Emdogain. Very little evidence was found for ectopic bone formation following subcutaneous implantation of MSCs with Emdogain-coated or -uncoated Bone Ceramic in NOD/SCID mice. The early up-regulation of several important bone-related genes suggests that Emdogain may have a significant stimulatory effect in the commitment of mesenchymal cells to osteogenic differentiation in vitro. While Emdogain inhibited AP activity and appeared not to induce ectopic bone formation, longer-term studies are required to determine whether it promotes the final stages of osteoblast formation and mineralization at gene and protein levels. While used in clinical applications, whether Emdogain and other commercial preparations of EMPs truly possess the capacity to induce the regeneration of bone or other components of the periodontium remains to be established.

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“…Bone graft is generally considered to be the most successful bone filling material because of its osteoconductive, osteoinductive and osteogenic properties [14,21,23,31,41]. Nevertheless, autograft harvesting involves increased operative time and the donor site morbidity, while allograft has lower osteoinductive properties and carries disease transmission risk.…”

Section: Debated Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results of high tibial osteotomy: review of the literature

Amendola

Bonasia

2009

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

327

305

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The aim of this review is to evaluate long-term follow-up and survival analysis studies regarding high tibial osteotomies (HTO) for the treatment of medial knee arthritis. Despite the good number of studies available, comparison and pooling of the results are challenging because of the different evaluation systems and techniques used. However, in general, published studies on HTO report good long-term results with a correct patient selection and a precise surgical technique. Based on our findings, the ideal candidate for an HTO is a young patient (<60 years of age), with isolated medial osteoarthritis, with good range of motion and without ligamentous instability. Furthermore, the literature review shows that the outcomes gradually deteriorate with time.

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Tissue reactions to particles of bone‐substitute materials in intraosseous and heterotopic sites in rats: discrimination of osteoinduction, osteocompatibility, and inflammation

Cited by 55 publications

References 32 publications

The effect of Emdogain® and platelet-derived growth factor on the osteoinductive potential of hydroxyapatite tricalcium phosphate

The effect of Emdogain® and platelet-derived growth factor on the osteoinductive potential of hydroxyapatite tricalcium phosphate

Effect of coating Straumann® Bone Ceramic with Emdogain on mesenchymal stromal cell hard tissue formation

Results of high tibial osteotomy: review of the literature

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