Tissue engineering of the peripheral nervous system

Carriel, Víctor; Alaminos, Miguel; Garzón, Ingrid; Campos, Antonìo; Cornelissen, Maria

doi:10.1586/14737175.2014.887444

Cited by 102 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 200 publications

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“…33 There are many factors that impact the efficacy of nerve conduits, including thickness, porosity, and flexibility. Studies have shown that the conduit thickness is closely related to neuroma formation, 34 and that thicknesses greater than 0.81 mm attenuate axonal outgrowth. 35 The association between increased conduit wall thickness and decreased nerve regeneration is likely mediated by decreased nutrient diffusion and wall porosity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomimetic neural scaffolds: a crucial step towards optimal peripheral nerve regeneration

et al. 2018

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Peripheral nerve injury is a common disease that affects more than 20 million people in the United States alone and remains a major burden to society. The current gold standard treatment for critical-sized nerve defects is autologous nerve graft transplantation; however, this method is limited in many ways and does not always lead to satisfactory outcomes. The limitations of autografts have prompted investigations into artificial neural scaffolds as replacements, and some neural scaffold devices have progressed to widespread clinical use; scaffold technology overall has yet to be shown to be consistently on a par with or superior to autografts. Recent advances in biomimetic scaffold technologies have opened up many new and exciting opportunities, and novel improvements in material, fabrication technique, scaffold architecture, and lumen surface modifications that better reflect biological anatomy and physiology have independently been shown to benefit overall nerve regeneration. Furthermore, biomimetic features of neural scaffolds have also been shown to work synergistically with other nerve regeneration therapy strategies such as growth factor supplementation, stem cell transplantation, and cell surface glycoengineering. This review summarizes the current state of neural scaffolds, highlights major advances in biomimetic technologies, and discusses future opportunities in the field of peripheral nerve regeneration.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomimetic neural scaffolds: a crucial step towards optimal peripheral nerve regeneration

et al. 2018

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“…These conduits require a second surgery in order to remove the non-resorbable material. The original idea was to provide support, structure to guide axonal regrowth and form a stable barrier against connective tissue infiltration [73,100,101]. Synthetic nerve conduits made of ePTFE were successfully applied in a 4-cm nerve gap, in human [102].…”

Section: Manufactured Conduitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaffolds for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration, the Importance of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies for the Development of Cell-Based Therapies and Biomaterials: State of the Art

Pedrosa¹,

Caseiro²,

Santos³

et al. 2017

Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering - Materials, Technologies and Clinical Applications

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Human adult peripheral nerve injuries are a high incidence clinical problem that greatly affects patients' quality of life. Although peripheral nervous system has intrinsic regenerative capacity, this occurs in an incomplete or poorly functional manner. When a nerve fiber loses its continuity with consequent damage of the basal lamina tubes, axon spontaneous regeneration is disorganized and mismatched. These phenomena translate in an inadequate nerve functional recovery and consequent musculoskeletal incapacity. Nerve grafts still remain the gold standard in peripheral injuries treatment. However, this approach contains its disadvantages such as the necessity of primary surgery to harvest the autografts, loss of a functional nerve, donor site morbidity and longer surgery procedures. Therefore, biomaterials and tissue engineering can provide efficient resources and alternatives to nerve injury repair not only by the development of biocompatible structures but also, introducing neurotrophic factors and cellular systems to stimulate optimum clinical outcome. In this chapter, a comprehensive state-of-the art picture of tissue-engineered nerve grafts scaffolds, their application in nerve regeneration along with latest advances in peripheral nerve repair and future perspectives will be discussed, including our own large experience in this field of knowledge.

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“…While a variety of synthetic and biopolymers, such as collagen, polycaprolactone, polyglycolic acid, poly-DL-lactide-co-caprolactone (PLCL), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), [9] have been explored as scaffold materials, geometry of these devices remains largely limited to simple cylindrical lumens with millimeter dimensions [10–13]. Since individual fascicle dimensions are on the order of microns, which is ~1000 times smaller than typical scaffolds, the role of the channel size on Schwann cell migration and axonal growth remains poorly understood especially for channels smaller than 200 μm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermally drawn fibers as nerve guidance scaffolds

et al. 2016

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Synthetic neural scaffolds hold promise to eventually replace nerve autografts for tissue repair following peripheral nerve injury. Despite substantial evidence for the influence of scaffold geometry and dimensions on the rate of axonal growth, systematic evaluation of these parameters remains a challenge due to limitations in materials processing. We have employed fiber drawing to engineer a wide spectrum of polymer-based neural scaffolds with varied geometries and core sizes. Using isolated whole dorsal root ganglia as an in vitro model system we have identified key features enhancing nerve growth within these fiber scaffolds. Our approach enabled straightforward integration of microscopic topography at the scale of nerve fascicles within the scaffold cores, which led to accelerated Schwann cell migration, as well as neurite growth and alignment. Our findings indicate that fiber drawing provides a scalable and versatile strategy for producing nerve guidance channels capable of controlling direction and accelerating the rate of axonal growth.

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Tissue engineering of the peripheral nervous system

Cited by 102 publications

References 200 publications

Biomimetic neural scaffolds: a crucial step towards optimal peripheral nerve regeneration

Biomimetic neural scaffolds: a crucial step towards optimal peripheral nerve regeneration

Scaffolds for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration, the Importance of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies for the Development of Cell-Based Therapies and Biomaterials: State of the Art

Thermally drawn fibers as nerve guidance scaffolds

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