Tissue-Engineered Extracellular Matrices (ECMs) as Adjuvant Scaffolds for Endovascular Aneurysmal Repair (EVAR)

Biocompatibility and Immunogenicity of Decellularized Allogeneic Aorta in the Orthotopic Rat Model

“…The histological results of the native, decellularized and explanted syngeneic and allogeneic grafts are illustrated in Figure 1 and at higher magnification in Figure 2. The results indicated that there were no apparent differences between the histoarchitectures of native W and DA rats, with the aorta of both strains demonstrating a three-layered structure, comprising the tunica intima (outer layer of cells facing the lumen), tunica media, consisting of SMCs, collagen fibers and elastic fibers organized in a concentric fashion, and adventitia, mainly consisting of collagen fibers, fibroblasts and loosely-aligned elastic lamellae (Callanan et al, 2011;Allaire et al, 2012;Katsimpoulas et al, 2015). The decellularized DA rat aorta was shown to be completely void of any observable cells and cellular debris, while it maintained the general native trilaminar histoarchitecture with preserved collagen and elastic fibers.…”

Development of a rotational cell‐seeding system for tubularized extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds in vascular surgery

“…[7][8][9][10][11] ECMs may have the potential to improve the performance of an EVAR stent-graft by functioning as an integrating "stabilization collar" at the proximal and distal ends of the stent-graft device as illustrated in Figure 1. 12 Notable advantages of xenogeneic ECMs in this setting are their non-immunogenic nature and ability to stimulate a constructive tissue remodeling response after implantation. However, the absence of a confluent hostderived endothelium throughout the ECM after long-term in vivo implantation has delayed the progress of this novel surgical concept.…”

“…Extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds are decellularized, biodegradable membranes (usually derived from porcine organs) that have been used in a number of reconstructive surgical subspecialties . ECMs may have the potential to improve the performance of an EVAR stent‐graft by functioning as an integrating “stabilization collar” at the proximal and distal ends of the stent‐graft device as illustrated in Figure . Notable advantages of xenogeneic ECMs in this setting are their non‐immunogenic nature and ability to stimulate a constructive tissue remodeling response after implantation.…”