Tissue-engineered autologous peritoneal grafts for bladder reconstruction in a porcine model

Abstract

Ileal neobladder construction is a common treatment for patients with bladder cancer after radical cystectomy. However, metabolic disorders caused by transposed bowel segments occur frequently. Bladder tissue engineering is a promising alternative approach. Although numerous studies have reported bladder reconstruction using acellular and cellular scaffolds, there are also disadvantages associated with these methods, such as immunogenicity of synthetic grafts and incompatible mechanical properties of the biomaterials. Here, we engineered an autologous peritoneal graft consisting of a peritoneal sheet and the seromuscular layer from the ileum. Three months after the surgery, compared with the neobladder made from the ileum, the reconstructed neobladder using our new method showed normal function and better gross morphological characteristics. Moreover, histopathological and transcriptomic analysis revealed urothelium-like cells expressing urothelial biomarkers appeared in the neobladder, while no such changes were observed in the control group. Overall, our study provides a new strategy for bladder tissue engineering and informs a variety of future research prospects.

Pigs: Large Animal Preclinical Cancer Models

“…While pigs were able to urinate spontaneously after the catheter was removed post-surgically, innervation of the neobladder still remains a challenging problem. In this instance, the pig model has been vital in terms of tissue engineering research [ 91 ]. To our knowledge, bladder cancer animal-based translational research has largely been dominated by murine models.…”

From waste to wealth: Repurposing slaughterhouse waste for xenotransplantation

“…Existing clinical strategies for intestinal and bladder substitution or reconstruction, which involve resection of damaged sections (Boroni et al, 2022) and the use of autologous segments of gastrointestinal tissue, in order to restore innate function (El-Taji et al, 2015;Chen et al, 2021), respectively, are prone to failure; therefore, novel alternative approaches are needed to address these issues. Advances in bioengineering are helping to engineer suitable scaffolds that can sustain the mechanical forces necessary for autonomic and sensory innervated peristaltic movements and filling and emptying (Serrano-Aroca et al, 2018).…”

Individual Human Hair Keratin Rapidly Extracted Through the Advanced Oxidation Process and Their Hemostatic and Wound Healing Evaluations

“…Autogenous materials from patients’ own bodies have attracted considerable attention in tissue engineering due to their biocompatibility, bioactivity, and biosafety. , For instance, autogenous bone is considered the gold standard for bone graft despite having increased donor site morbidity and limited availability . The autologous peritoneal graft, collagenous connective tissue membrane, and smooth muscle cell sheet have been used for bladder reconstruction. Furthermore, a small fatty tissue biopsy was taken from the patient, and the cells were reprogrammed to become induced pluripotent stem cells, the extracellular material was then processed into a personalized hydrogel for tissue implants .…”