Tissue Distribution and Redistribution of Trace Elements in Shrimp Species with the Emphasis on the Roles of Metallothionein

Abstract

This review is focused on distribution and redistribution of trace elements in various tissues of different shrimp species, especially genus Penaeus. The possible roles of metallothionein in this regard are emphasized. Factors affecting heavy metals uptake and distribution have also been reviewed separately. Moreover, patterns of metals bioaccumulation and their order of occurrence have been evaluated. Another part of this paper deals with comparison of the related data from different aquatic environments as well as existing guidelines and limits for human consumption. Generally, the number of conducted studies in some related context, especially in the case of possible roles of metallothionein during storage of organisms is very limited.

Detection of Heavy Metals in Farmed Cherax Destructor

“…In general, the metal concentrations tend to be higher in the hepatopancreas than in muscle tissue, although the reverse is sometimes true for zinc (POURANG et al, 2004). One fact that seems to have a relatively constant effect is the size of the animal, with the larger (and presumably older) individuals containing greater concentrations of metals (POURANG et al, 2004).…”

Detoxification mechanisms in shrimp: Comparative approach between hydrothermal vent fields and estuarine environments

“…1). The concentration of metals accumulated in different tissues of crustaceans vary widely between metals and between taxa (Rainbow, 1998) and is related to its speciation, function of tissues and other biotic variables (Pourang et al, 2004). In hydrothermal species, this tendency reflects the Mn (2.5 -6.3 µM) and Zn (0.02 -0.03 µM) (Caetano et al, 1997).…”

“…In hydrothermal species, this tendency reflects the Mn (2.5 -6.3 µM) and Zn (0.02 -0.03 µM) (Caetano et al, 1997). Since Fe, Zn and Cu are essential elements, high levels of these metals in shrimp tissues are attributed to their essentiality (Pourang et al, 2004). Accordingly, the low levels of Cd (a nonessential metal) in the tissues reflect the lower metal concentrations in the seawater where shrimp were collected (Géret et al, 2002a).…”

“…Exoskeleton contains a significant proportion of metals, which is reduced prior to moulting. Moulting is an important aspect of crustacean physiology that influences metal concentrations and its distribution between soft tissues and exoskeleton (Pourang et al, 2004). However, in C.…”

“…Since Mn can substitute calcium in calcium carbonate, this metal is predominately found in calcified parts. The carapace of decapods acts as a depository in which Mn can be accumulated (Pourang et al, 2004).…”