Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering of Oil Palm

Parveez, Ghulam Kadir Ahmad; Rasid, Omar Abdul; Hashim, Ahmad Tarmizi; Ishak, Zamzuri; Rosli, Samsul Kamal; Sambanthamurthi, Ravigadevi

doi:10.1016/b978-0-9818936-9-3.50007-1

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Stearoyl-ACP desaturase (encoded by FAB2 [138][139][140]) which converts C18:0-ACP to C18:1-ACP is important in both triacylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine synthesis [141]. FAB2 plays a crucial role in determining the ratio of saturated to unsaturated C18 fatty acids in plant membranes and storage lipids.…”

Section: Gene Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two oil palm genes with the largest exon number (57 exons) were p5.00_sc00063_p0008 and p5.00_sc00076_p0105.Detailed examination of the gene p5.00_sc00063_p0008 showed that it was similar to serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR from Musa acuminate, Vitis vinifera, Citrus sinensis and Theobroma cacao that also have 57 exons. 5Stearoyl-ACP desaturase (encoded by FAB2 [138][139][140]) which converts C18:0-ACP to C18:1-ACP is important in both triacylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine synthesis [141]. FAB2 plays a crucial role in determining the ratio of saturated to unsaturated C18 fatty acids in plant membranes and storage lipids.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Evidence-based gene models for structural and functional annotations of the oil palm genome

Lim

Tatarinova²,

Rosli

et al. 2017

Preprint

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The advent of rapid and inexpensive DNA sequencing has led to an explosion of data that must be transformed into knowledge about genome organization and function. Gene prediction is customarily the starting point for genome analysis. This paper presents a bioinformatics study of the oil palm genome, including a comparative genomics analysis, database and tools development, and mining of biological data for genes of interest. We annotated 26,087 oil palm genes integrated from two gene-prediction pipelines, Fgenesh++ and Seqping. As case studies, we conducted comprehensive investigations on intronless, resistance and fatty acid biosynthesis genes, and demonstrated that the current gene prediction set is of high quality. 3,672 intronless genes were identified in the oil palm genome, an important resource for evolutionary study. Further scrutiny of the oil palm genes revealed 210 candidate resistance genes involved in pathogen defense. Fatty acids have diverse applications ranging from food to industrial feedstock, and we identified 42 key genes involved in fatty-acid biosynthesis in oil palm mesocarp and kernel. These results provide an important resource for studies on plant genomes and a theoretical foundation for marker-assisted breeding of oil palm and related crops.All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.(which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.The copyright holder for this preprint . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/111120 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online 3 IntroductionOil palm belongs to the genus Elaeis of the family Arecaceae. The genus has two species -E. guineensis (African oil palm) and E. oleifera (American oil palm). E. guineensis has three fruit forms that mainly vary in the thickness of their seed (or kernel) shell -dura (thick-shell), tenera (thin-shell) and pisifera (no shell). The African oil palm is by far the most productive oil crop 1 in the world, with estimated production in year 2015/2016 of 61.68 million tonnes, of which the Malaysian share was 19.50 million tonnes 2 . Palm oil constitutes ~34.35% of the world production of edible oils and fats. Globally, palm oil is mainly produced from E. guineensis, in the tenera form. E. oleifera, is little planted because of its low yield (only 10 -20% of guineensis). However, it is more disease-resistant and planted in areas where guineensis is well-nigh impossible, e.g., Central-Southern America. Even then, it is mainly planted as a backcross to guineensis (interspecific hybrid) to raise its yield. Nevertheless, it has economically valuable traits which plant breeders drool over to introgress into guineensis, such as a more liquid oil with higher carotenoid and vitamin E contents, disease resistance and slow height increment. 1The importance of oil palm has resulted in considerable interest to sequence its transcriptomes and genome.Initial work used expressed sequence tags (ESTs) 3 , a technique very useful for tagging expressed genes bu...

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Section: Gene Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence-based gene models for structural and functional annotations of the oil palm genome

Lim

Tatarinova²,

Rosli

et al. 2017

Preprint

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…Due to its nature as a perennial crop, oil palm conventional breeding is a long process that requires a large planting field and huge manpower. The integration of other useful traits such as disease resistance and drought tolerance to existing oil palm varieties will require a lot of effort and time due to the required number of crosses and backcrosses (Parveez et al 2012). Given the fact that oil palm is a major source of vegetable oil for the world, another approach for genetic improvement is needed to accelerate its development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroporation-mediated genetic transformation of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis)

Darmawan¹,

Wiendi

Utomo³

et al. 2020

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Darmawan C, Wiendi NMA, Utomo C, Liwang T. 2020. Electroporation-mediated genetic transformation of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). Biodiversitas 21: 3720-3726. Novel traits introduction to existing varieties may shorten the duration of oil palm genetic improvement. This approach heavily relies on efficient plant transformation and regeneration methods. Commonly used methods such as biolistic and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation still generated low efficiency for oil palm. Therefore, it is important to find alternative transformation methods that have the potency to give better results. Electroporation is usually used for delivering genes into bacteria or plant protoplast where cell wall does not exist, however, in this research, it was used to deliver plasmid into plant tissues. The aim of this research is to establish an optimum electroporation protocol for delivering genes into oil palm calli. Electric field strength of 250, 500, 750, 1,000, and 1,250 V/cm were applied for oil palm calli electroporation. Transient GUS assay was not applicable for initial detection presumably due to oil palm endogenous GUS-like protein activity after electroporation. Delivered gene could be detected in survived calli from all tested electric field strength treatments and the highest calli growth rates were observed from 250 V/cm electroporation treatment. Overall results showed that electroporation could be used to deliver specific genes into oil palm calli and might be developed further to increase its efficiency.

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“…Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is a monocotyledonous species with a single growing apex, the plant cannot be multiplied vegetatively. Therefore, the only alternative for multiplication of oil palm elite genotype is through tissue culture approach (Parveez et al, 2012). However, tissue culture of oil palm is hampered by the difficulty to produce an efficient, reliable and rapid regeneration system (Kushairi et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation on the Effects of Culture Medium on Regeneration of Oil Palm Plantlets From Immature Embryos (Ie)

S¹

2016

JOPR

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Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) tissue culture is slow, inefficient and genotype dependent. Therefore, efforts to improve the regeneration system are essential and thereby ongoing. Immature embryos (IE) have been reported to be more responsive to in vitro culture as compared to other explant types. The objective of this study is to evaluate the most efficient culture media for the regeneration of whole plants from IE. IE were cultured on three media, namely N6, MY3 and MS +Y3. Initial observation showed that calli were induced as early as two weeks after culture. They started to produce friable calli around three to four months later. IE were shown to respond differently to the tested culture media. This initial result will be useful to identify the most responsive culture media for IE as explant.

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Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering of Oil Palm

Cited by 15 publications

References 50 publications

Evidence-based gene models for structural and functional annotations of the oil palm genome

Evidence-based gene models for structural and functional annotations of the oil palm genome

Electroporation-mediated genetic transformation of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis)

Evaluation on the Effects of Culture Medium on Regeneration of Oil Palm Plantlets From Immature Embryos (Ie)

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