Tissue Catecholamine Levels in Normotensive, Genetically Hypertensive and Renal Hypertensive Rats

Robertson, Allison A; Hodge, J. V.; Laverty, R.; Smirk, F. H.

doi:10.1038/icb.1968.175

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(12 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The changes in the metabolism of norepinephrine in the central nervous system vary a great deal both quantitatively and qualitatively in hypertensive models such as the spontaneously hypertensive rat (28)(29)(30), the genetically hypertensive rat (31), the rat made hypertensive by administration of DOCA and salt after encapsulation of one kidney (32), and the rabbit with neurogenic hypertension (7 and present study). It is unlikely that a single mechanism underlies the varied changes in different areas of the central nervous system in the different forms of hypertension.…”

Section: Activity Of Central Noradrenergic Neurons In Hypertensive Momentioning

confidence: 80%

Participation of Central Noradrenergic Neurons in Arterial Baroreceptor Reflexes in the Rabbit: A STUDY WITH INTRACISTERNALLY ADMINISTERED 6-HYDROXYDOPAMINE

Chalmers

Reid

1972

Circulation Research

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rabbits were given intracistemal injections of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OH-DA) that caused selective ablation of central noradrenergic neurons without damaging peripheral sympathetic nerves. Administration of 6-OH-DA (600 yxg/kg, intracistemally) to normal rabbits produced a permanent bradycardia of about 30%, which was initiated centrally and mediated mainly through the vagus, and caused a brief reduction in mean arterial blood pressure, which was due to transient withdrawal of alpha-sympathetic tone. Treatment with 6-OH-DA (600 jtig/kg) completely prevented the increases in arterial blood pressure seen on the seventh and the fourteenth day after sinoaortic denervation in control rabbits, although there was a transient increase in blood pressure for 1 day after denervation in the group treated with 6-OH-DA. Central norepinephrine concentrations were reduced in all areas, especially in the spinal cord (to less than 10% of control), in the denervated rabbits treated with 6-OH-DA compared with the levels in denervated controls. When 6-OH-DA (600 /xg/kg, intracistemally) was given to rabbits with neurogenic hypertension produced by buffer nerve section, it caused an immediate and persistent return of pressure to the level that existed before denervation. Probably, the integrity of central noradrenergic neurons is necessary for the development of sustained increases in arterial blood pressure following sinoaortic denervation. We suggest that central noradrenergic nerves form an essential link in the baroreceptor reflex arc, possibly at the bulbospinal level. KEY WORDSautonomic reflexes heart rate vagus mean arterial blood pressure sinoaortic denervation neurogenic hypertension sympathetic nervous system bulbospinal noradrenergic neurons carotid sinus• Denervation of the carotid sinus and the aortic arch baroreceptors leads to an increase in the activity of peripheral sympathetic noradrenergic neurons by removing a major source of inhibition of central vasomotor tone (1-4). This increased activity results in a longlasting increase in arterial blood pressure accompanied by tachycardia (1, 2, 4-6). Moreover, sinoaortic denervation causes an increase in the turnover of norepinephrine and in the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase in the thoracolumbar segments of the spinal cord (7). On this basis, it has been postulated that section of the buffer nerves causes an increase in the physiological activity of descending

show abstract

Section: Activity Of Central Noradrenergic Neurons In Hypertensive Momentioning

confidence: 80%

Participation of Central Noradrenergic Neurons in Arterial Baroreceptor Reflexes in the Rabbit: A STUDY WITH INTRACISTERNALLY ADMINISTERED 6-HYDROXYDOPAMINE

Chalmers

Reid

1972

Circulation Research

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the present study, the hypertensive trait of the SHR was found to be controlled for the most part by a single major gene with additive effect. Several physiological differences were found between the SHR and New Zealand strain [3,13,16,18,19,23,38]. The differences among these strains indicate that the essential hypertension could be caused through different pathways.…”

Section: Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Control of Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Huypertensive Rats (SHR)

Tanase¹

1979

Experimental Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Genetic and familial factors in essential hypertension and related traits

Siervogel

1983

American J Phys Anthropol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The health significance of essential hypertension (high blood pressure of undefined origin) is well established. It is a major factor contributing to coronary heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. It directly affects about one in five Americans. Factors which are known to be associated with blood pressure include: body composition as it relates to overall mass and fat mass; physiological variables involving the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems; biochemical variables such as renin, aldosterone, kallikrein, lipids, and lipoproteins, etc.; environmental variables such as sodium intake, heavy metals, and noise; and psychological variables involving personality type and mental stress.There is a definite, well-established genetic involvement in hypertension, but specific genetic mechanisms remain a mystery. Familial aggregation occurs for many of the associated traits listed above. For some, specific polymorphic major genes have been identified, but for others genetic factors are unidentified. Essential hypertension is undoubtedly a heterogeneous group of diseases with the common end result of elevated blood pressure. Because of its health significance, there is considerable interest in identifying genetic mechanisms resulting in essential hypertension. One area that currently shows some potential for the identification of a specific genetic mechanism is related to the transmembrane transport of sodium and potassium cations.A genetic component has long been suspected in essential hypertension, but a clear and definitive genetic mechanism has yet to be identified. Since there are many variables that can affect blood pressure, this review of the genetics of essential hypertension necessarily involves a discussion of related traits. Before focusing on the genetic and familial aspects of hypertension a description of the normal course of human blood pressure is presented and some of the traits related to it are discussed. NATURAL HISTORY OF BLOOD PRESSUREUntil recently, reports describing blood pressure patterns during the neonatal period were relatively few, largely because of the difficulty of accurately measuring blood pressure in infants by noninvasive techniques. The ultrasonic technique utilizing the Doppler effect greatly facilitated noninvasive systolic blood pressure determination in infants (McLaughlin et al., 1971). Accurate automatic methods are currently available using the oscillometric principal coupled with a microcomputer and a standard limb blood presure cuff (Friesen and Lichtor, 1981). Even in adults newer methods are being developed (Wolthuis et al., 1981).© 1983 Alan R. Liss, Inc. [Vol.26,1983 Systolic blood pressure tends to increase sharply during the first two weeks of life from a mean of 70 mmHg at 2 days to 84 mmHg at 2 weeks. It continues to increase at a slightly slower rate over the next 4 weeks to a mean of about 93 mmHg at 6 weeks (Earley et aI., 1980); from 6 weeks to 1 year af age there is little change in systolic pressure (deSwiet et aI., 1975(deSwiet et ...

show abstract

Tissue Catecholamine Levels in Normotensive, Genetically Hypertensive and Renal Hypertensive Rats

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Participation of Central Noradrenergic Neurons in Arterial Baroreceptor Reflexes in the Rabbit: A STUDY WITH INTRACISTERNALLY ADMINISTERED 6-HYDROXYDOPAMINE

Participation of Central Noradrenergic Neurons in Arterial Baroreceptor Reflexes in the Rabbit: A STUDY WITH INTRACISTERNALLY ADMINISTERED 6-HYDROXYDOPAMINE

Genetic Control of Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Huypertensive Rats (SHR)

Genetic and familial factors in essential hypertension and related traits

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About