Tissue- and Site-Specific Gene Expression of Type 2 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase:<i>In Situ</i>Hybridization and Specific Enzymatic Activity Studies in Human Placental Endothelial Cells of the Arterial System<sup>1</sup>

Bonenfant, Martin; Blomquist, Charles H.; Provost, Pierre R.; Drolet, Renée; D’Ascoli, Peter; Tremblay, Yves

doi:10.1210/jcem.85.12.7040

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…E2 and P are the important hormones of the reproductive system and are essential for the maturation of many fetal organs and the maintenance of the maternal reproductive system [ 58 , 59 ]. Our experiment found that treatment with ALA improved the changes in the serum hormones induced by OFO.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

R- Is Superior to S-Form of α-Lipoic Acid in Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects in Laying Hens

Liu

Huang

et al. 2022

Antioxidants

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The development of single enantiomers with high efficiency and low toxic activity has become a hot spot for the development and application of drugs and active additives. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of the application of α-lipoic acid with a different optical rotation to alleviate the inflammation response and oxidative stress induced by oxidized fish oil in laying hens. Sixty-four 124-week-old Peking Red laying hens were randomly allocated to four groups with eight replicates of two birds each. The normal group was fed basal diets supplemented with 1% fresh fish oil (FO), and the oxidative stress model group was constructed with diets supplemented with 1% oxidized fish oil (OFO). The two treatment groups were the S-form of the α-lipoic acid model with 1% oxidized fish oil (OFO + S-LA) and the R-form of the α-lipoic acid model with 1% oxidized fish oil (OFO + R-LA) added at 100 mg/kg, respectively. Herein, these results were evaluated by the breeding performance, immunoglobulin, immune response, estrogen secretion, antioxidant factors of the serum and oviduct, and pathological observation of the uterus part of the oviduct. From the results, diets supplemented with oxidized fish oil can be relatively successful in constructing a model of inflammation and oxidative stress. The OFO group significantly increased the levels of the serum inflammatory factor (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ) and the oxidative factor MDA and decreased the activity of the antioxidant enzyme (T-AOC, T-SOD, GSH-Px, GSH, and CAT) in the oviduct. The addition of both S-LA and R-LA significantly reduced the levels of serum inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ), increased the activity of antioxidant indexes (T-AOC, T-SOD, GSH-Px, GSH, and CAT), and decreased the MDA contents in the serum and oviduct. Meanwhile, the supplementation of S-LA and R-LA also mitigated the negative effects of the OFO on the immunoglobulins (IgA and IgM) and serum hormone levels (P and E2). In addition, it was worth noting that the R-LA was significantly more effective than the S-LA in some inflammatory (IL-1β) and antioxidant indices (T-SOD, GSH, and CAT). Above all, both S-LA and R-LA can alleviate the inflammation and oxidative damage caused by oxidative stress in aged laying hens, and R-LA is more effective than S-LA. Thus, these findings will provide basic data for the potential development of α-lipoic acid as a chiral dietary additive for laying hens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

R- Is Superior to S-Form of α-Lipoic Acid in Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects in Laying Hens

Liu

Huang

et al. 2022

Antioxidants

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Expression du gène 17β-HSD2 dans le poumon fœtal et le placenta : contrôle de l’action des stéroïdes sexuels

Tremblay

Provost

2003

Med Sci (Paris)

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Chez l'homme, les surrénales sécrètent des stéroïdes pré-curseurs qui seront transformés en stéroïdes sexuels actifs par les tissus cibles extra-gonadiques [1]. Cette découverte majeure a donné une nouvelle perspective à l'étude des mécanismes d'action des hormones stéroï-diennes en introduisant le concept d'une action intra/autocrine et paracrine des stéroïdes. En effet, les stéroïdes produits par ces tissus transmettront, via leurs récepteurs spécifiques, un signal directement à la cellule productrice dans le cas d'une action intra/autocrine, ou à une cellule voisine dans le cas d'une action paracrine. La présence des androgènes et des oestrogènes comme facteurs paracrines est certes bénéfique, mais peut, dans certains cas, être dommageable. Dans le poumon, la testostérone serait produite par les cellules alvéo-laires (pneumocytes de type II, PTII) productrices de surfactant comme cela est démontré par nos études sur les cellules A549 [2]. De plus, il est clairement rapporté dans la littérature que les androgènes présents dans le poumon retardent le développement pulmonaire et la production de surfactant par les cellules PTII [3]. Ainsi, une fréquence plus élevée de détresses respiratoires est enregistrée chez les garçons nés avant terme que chez les filles, le développement pulmonaire des garçons étant retardé par la présence d'une concentration plus élevée d'androgènes dans le poumon (pour revue, voir [3]). Par ailleurs, il est bien connu que les oestrogènes peuvent avoir des effets indésirables à certains moments du développement foetal [4], comme par exemple, des anomalies anatomiques dans le développement du tractus génital mâle et femelle. En outre, les filles dont les mères avaient été exposées aux oestrogènes durant la grossesse ont également plus de risque d'avoir une grossesse à problèmes. En effet, une étude conduite par S.H. Swan en 1992 concluait que les filles préalablement exposées aux oestrogènes étaient plus à risque de grossesses ectopiques, d'accouchements prématurés et d'avortements que les femmes qui n'y ont jamais été exposés [5]. Cependant, un développement normal du foetus est observé même en présence d'une production massive d'oestradiol par les trophoblastes placentaires [6, 7]. Ces deux observations, en apparence contradictoires, pourraient s'expliquer par la présence d'un mécanisme visant à contrôler la concentration d'oestrogènes dans la circulation foetale. En fait, dans le cas d'une grossesse normale, les effets délétères des androgènes sur le déve-> Durant la grossesse, les stéroïdes sexuels pourraient potentiellement nuire au développement foetal. Deux mécanismes distincts au moins, faisant intervenir la 17β-hydroxystéroïde déshy-drogénase-2 (17β-HSD2), permettraient d'empêcher ces actions indésirables. En s'exprimant dans les fibroblastes pulmonaires et les cellules endothéliales placentaires, la 17β-HSD2 limiterait respectivement l'action de la testostérone et de l'oestradiol, permettant ainsi un développe-ment normal. < Unité d'Ontogénie et Reproduction, Centre hospitalier

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Human type 2 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase mRNA and protein distribution in placental villi at mid and term pregnancy

Drolet

Simard

Plante

et al. 2007

Reprod Biol Endocrinol

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BackgroundDuring human pregnancy, the placental villi produces high amounts of estradiol. This steroid is secreted by the syncytium, which is directly in contact with maternal blood. Estradiol has to cross placental foetal vessels to reach foetal circulation. The enzyme 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (17beta-HSD2) was detected in placental endothelial cells of foetal vessels inside the villi. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of estradiol to estrone, and of testosterone to androstenedione. It was proposed that estradiol level into foetal circulation could be regulated by 17beta-HSD2.MethodsWe obtained placentas from 10 to 26 6/7 weeks of pregnancy from women undergoing voluntary termination of pregnancy, term placentas were collected after normal spontaneous vaginal deliveries. We quantified 17beta-HSD2 mRNA levels in mid-gestation and term human placenta by RT-QPCR. We produced a new anti-17beta-HSD2 antibody to study its spatio-temporal expression by immunohistochemistry. We also compared steroid levels (testosterone, estrone and estradiol) and 17beta-HSD2 mRNA and protein levels between term placenta and endometrium.ResultsHigh 17beta-HSD2 mRNA and protein levels were found in both mid-gestation and term placentas. However, we showed that 17beta-HSD2 mRNA levels increase by 2.27 fold between mid-gestation and term. This period coincides with a transitional phase in the development of the villous vasculature. In mid-gestation placenta, high levels of 17beta-HSD2 were found in mesenchymal villi and immature intermediate villi, more precisely in endothelial cells of the stromal channel. At term, high levels of 17beta-HSD2 were found in the numerous sinusoidal capillaries of terminal villi. 17beta-HSD2 mRNA and protein levels in term placentas were respectively 25.4 fold and 30 to 60 fold higher than in the endometrium. Steroid levels were also significantly higher in term placenta than in the endometrium.ConclusionThe spatial and temporal expression of 17beta-HSD2 in the placenta during pregnancy and the comparison of 17beta-HSD2 expression and steroid levels between placental villi and endometrium are compatible with a role in the modulation of active and inactive forms of estrogens. Our observations strongly support the hypothesis that 17beta-HSD2 acts as a barrier decreasing estradiol secretion rates in the foetal circulation.

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Tissue- and Site-Specific Gene Expression of Type 2 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase:In SituHybridization and Specific Enzymatic Activity Studies in Human Placental Endothelial Cells of the Arterial System¹

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

R- Is Superior to S-Form of α-Lipoic Acid in Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects in Laying Hens

R- Is Superior to S-Form of α-Lipoic Acid in Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects in Laying Hens

Expression du gène 17β-HSD2 dans le poumon fœtal et le placenta : contrôle de l’action des stéroïdes sexuels

Human type 2 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase mRNA and protein distribution in placental villi at mid and term pregnancy

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Tissue- and Site-Specific Gene Expression of Type 2 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase:In SituHybridization and Specific Enzymatic Activity Studies in Human Placental Endothelial Cells of the Arterial System1

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

R- Is Superior to S-Form of α-Lipoic Acid in Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects in Laying Hens

R- Is Superior to S-Form of α-Lipoic Acid in Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects in Laying Hens

Expression du gène 17β-HSD2 dans le poumon fœtal et le placenta : contrôle de l’action des stéroïdes sexuels

Human type 2 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase mRNA and protein distribution in placental villi at mid and term pregnancy

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Tissue- and Site-Specific Gene Expression of Type 2 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase:In SituHybridization and Specific Enzymatic Activity Studies in Human Placental Endothelial Cells of the Arterial System¹