Tissue Adhesives in Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery—Application of Silk Fibroin-Based Biomaterials

Abstract

Tissue adhesives have been successfully used in various kind of surgeries such as oral and maxillofacial surgery for some time. They serve as a substitute for suturing of tissues and shorten treatment time. Besides synthetic-based adhesives, a number of biological-based formulations are finding their way into research and clinical application. In natural adhesives, proteins play a crucial role, mediating adhesion and cohesion at the same time. Silk fibroin, as a natural biomaterial, represents an interesting alternative to conventional medical adhesives. Here, the most commonly used bioadhesives as well as the potential of silk fibroin as natural adhesives will be discussed.

Recent Progress of Nature Materials Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Electronic Skins and Human–Machine Interaction

“…[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] Natural materials are biocompatible, degradable, and can securely and comfortably bond with human skin, minimizing allergic and inflammatory reactions. [33][34][35][36] The flexibility of materials ensures that e-skin based on natural materials adapts to various body shapes and movements, offering a more natural and comfortable user experience, which is crucial for extended wear and continuous monitoring. [37][38][39][40] Traditional e-skins relying on variations in resistance and capacitance are often made of rigid and inorganic materials, leading to an increased dependence on external power sources and hampering the advancement of e-skins.…”

“…[ 25‐32 ] Natural materials are biocompatible, degradable, and can securely and comfortably bond with human skin, minimizing allergic and inflammatory reactions. [ 33‐36 ] The flexibility of materials ensures that e‐skin based on natural materials adapts to various body shapes and movements, offering a more natural and comfortable user experience, which is crucial for extended wear and continuous monitoring. [ 37‐40 ]…”

Recent Advances in the Degradability and Applications of Tissue Adhesives Based on Biodegradable Polymers

“…Millions of people worldwide suffer from accidental or surgical wounds each year [1,2]. Clinically, surgical sutures, staples, clips, and skin closure strips are commonly used tools to close open wounds [3][4][5]. Surgical sutures, staples, and clips close open wounds by physically interlocking the injured tissue.…”

Advances in Preparation and Properties of Regenerated Silk Fibroin

“…Silk fibroin can be converted into water-soluble regenerated silk fibroin protein (RSF) through a series of treatments. Under specific conditions, RSF solutions can be processed into films, sponges, microspheres, gels, and nanofibers for various applications [7], including biomedicine [8][9][10] (e.g., drug delivery carriers, wound dressings, and tissue adhesion), tissue engineering [11][12][13] (e.g., tissue scaffolds), food processing [14,15] (e.g., food additives and packaging), effluent treatment [16] (e.g., water filtration membranes), optics [17,18] (e.g., nanolithography and optical fibers), electrochemistry [19][20][21] (e.g., electrocatalytic materials, supercapacitors, and nanogenerators), and biosensing [22,23] (e.g., flexible wearable sensors and human-machine interaction).…”