“…A lot of previous researches such as Bindon (1989), Yamamoto (1989), Azad et al (2000a), Bunker et al (2000), and Lee et al (2009) investigated tip leakage aerodynamics and/or heat transfer over the plane tips. Bindon (1989) measured the detailed development of tip clearance loss from the leading to trailing edge and identified the contributions made by mixing, internal gap shear flow, and endwall/secondary flow.…”