Tip 1 Ağız Kokusu ile Ağızda Kandida Kolonizasyonu Arasında İlişki Var mı?

Aydın, Murat; Derici, Mustafa Çağrı; Ünal, Yener; Yeler, Defne Yalçın; Demir, Yusuf İslam

doi:10.5578/mb.67759

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…26 Evidence for the possible role of Candida species in intra-oral halitosis is conflicting, with some authors reporting a positive correlation between VSC measurements and Candida culture test results, 27 whereas others have reported no relationship between the presence of Candida and oral halitosis. 28 Extra-oral halitosis, estimated to be responsible for approximately 5-10% of all halitosis cases, can result from numerous causes including ear/nose/throat (ENT) or respiratory diseases (eg sinusitis, tonsillitis, bronchiectasis, malignancy) and foreign bodies in the airway. 4,29,30 Specific chronic diseases (eg gastric reflux, diabetes, carcinoma, and liver or kidney disease), drugs (eg paracetamol [acetaminophen], chloral hydrate, dimethyl sulfoxide, disulfiram, nitrate and nitrites, phenothiazines, and amphetamines) may also result in extra-oral halitosis.…”

Section: Classification and Causes Of Halitosismentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>The Underestimated Problem of Intra-Oral Halitosis in Dental Practice: An Expert Consensus Review</p>

Renvert¹,

Noack²,

Lequart³

et al. 2020

CCIDE

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Approximately 90% of halitosis cases originate within the oral cavity (intra-oral halitosis). With a focus on intra-oral halitosis, this narrative review article provides a current summary of the epidemiology, diagnosis and management of halitosis and discusses practical considerations for healthcare professionals (HCPs), including dentists, dental hygienists, general practitioners, community pharmacists, nurses and medical specialists. MEDLINE and PubMed were searched up to 31 December 2019. Additional information was sourced from reference lists of relevant published literature. Full-text articles which reported on the epidemiology, diagnosis and management of halitosis were considered for inclusion. Halitosis affects substantial numbers of individuals globally and is an underestimated problem in dental practice. Current estimates of the prevalence of halitosis, in addition to diagnostic methods and management considerations for halitosis, are discussed. Although not a life-threatening condition, halitosis has a significant impact on patients' quality of life and can result in psychological consequences including social, professional and affective limitations. Using a simple step-wise approach for diagnosis and treatment, dentists and dental hygienists are ideally placed to respond to an initial consultation for halitosis.

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Section: Classification and Causes Of Halitosismentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>The Underestimated Problem of Intra-Oral Halitosis in Dental Practice: An Expert Consensus Review</p>

Renvert¹,

Noack²,

Lequart³

et al. 2020

CCIDE

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“…Each participant's initial oral gas profile was determined by a portable multi-gas detector (IBRID â MX6 C526R311, Industrial Scientific, PA, USA) using a previously described method. 7 For each subject, baseline organic, NH 3 , SO 2 , H 2 S, H 2 gas levels in oral air were used as individualized control data. Then, the cysteine challenge test was carried out as follows: 5 mL of 20 mM (2.43 g/L) aqueous L-Cysteine solution (#1.02839.0100, Merck) was placed in the mouth and held in contact with the dorsal part of the tongue for 30 s to generate H 2 S in the mouth to challenge oral halitosis.…”

Section: Examination Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cysteine challenge test as a novel diagnostic tool to distinguish oral halitosis

Aydın¹,

Günay

2021

Australian Dental Journal

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Background The cysteine challenge test is often used to check the H2S production capacity of the mouth. Patients with oral halitosis group (n = 305) or non‐oral halitosis group (n = 191) and healthy individuals (control group, n = 102) were compared with each other to identify any possible relationship between initial and cysteine‐induced oral H2S concentrations. Subjects and Method The medical records of 598 participants were reviewed retrospectively. Oral H2S concentrations before (pre‐CR) and after cysteine rinse (post‐CR) with 5 mL of 20 mmol L‐cysteine solution for 30 s were compared. Results Pre‐CR H2S concentrations were >0.8 ppm in 75.1% of oral group patients but less than <0.8 ppm in 87.3% of the non‐oral group and 86.9% of controls. After cysteine rinse, oral H2S concentrations exceeded 12 ppm in 72% of the oral halitosis patients but were lower in 88% of non‐oral group and 99% of controls. Whilst post‐CR/pre‐CR ratio was >12 in 74.5% of the oral group, it was <12 in 81.7% of the non‐oral group and 83.4% of controls. Conclusion Cysteine challenge test can be used as a diagnostic tool to identify an individual's tendency to produce oral malodor, not only to quantify momentary halitosis level.

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Criticism of the organoleptic examination for the diagnosis of oral halitosis

Aydın¹

2022

J. Breath Res.

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Organoleptic examination (sniffing and scoring oral odor) was used as a reference standard of halitosis measurement. However, there are several problems that make the diagnostic value of organoleptic examination questionable. This paper revisits risks, inconsistencies and redundancies in protocols and concepts related to organoleptic examination by comparing contemporary techniques and gas detectors or electronic noses. It can be concluded that there is no reason to think that scoring the odor by sniffing the mouth of the patients obtains sufficient evidence for the diagnosis of halitosis.

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Tip 1 Ağız Kokusu ile Ağızda Kandida Kolonizasyonu Arasında İlişki Var mı?

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

<p>The Underestimated Problem of Intra-Oral Halitosis in Dental Practice: An Expert Consensus Review</p>

<p>The Underestimated Problem of Intra-Oral Halitosis in Dental Practice: An Expert Consensus Review</p>

Cysteine challenge test as a novel diagnostic tool to distinguish oral halitosis

Criticism of the organoleptic examination for the diagnosis of oral halitosis

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