TiO₂ Periodic Structures Fabricated via Top-down and Bottom-up Approaches with a Viewpoint of Photonic Crystal

Abstract

A photonic crystal, which is a periodic structure on the scale of optical wavelength, can inhibit the propagation of light at particular wavelengths. Various optical devices have been demonstrated using the photonic crystals such as low-threshold lasers, light-emitting diodes, waveguide structures bending at acute angles, and single-mode optical fibers: However, there are few reports on the chemical application of photonic crystals. The author struggle to fabricate electrochemically functional photonic crystals using both bottom-up and top-down techniques, i.e., periodic structures composed of titanium dioxide, and examined the optical and electrochemical characteristics.